feat: fabric terraform (#170)

2026-09-30 13:33:00 +08:00 · 2026-06-25 11:23:59 -04:00
parent 9562a46b25
commit 80d15f23af
80 changed files with 17939 additions and 0 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+name: Fabric (Junos/NetBox)
+
+# Manages the prod switch fabric with the vendored JTAF junos-qfx provider (built
+# in CI) + the netbox provider. Fans out over every site under tf/deployment/prod/*:
+#   Plan on PRs; apply on merge to main, each site behind its own
+#   `prod-fabric-<site>` Environment gate (required reviewers).
+# The runner joins the tailnet to reach the switch vme IPs and renders the NETCONF
+# key from 1Password (the fabric:* mise tasks; FABRIC_SITE selects the stack).
+#
+# Prerequisites (out-of-band):
+#   - Repo secrets: OP_TF_YUCCA_PROD_ENV (+ _WRITE); TS_OAUTH_CLIENT_ID/SECRET.
+#   - 1P items: NET_SWITCHES_TERRAFORM_SSH_PRIVATE_KEY (yucca_tf_prod), NETBOX_API_TOKEN (yucca_tf).
+#   - One GitHub Environment per site: `prod-fabric-<site>` with required reviewers.
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [main]
+    paths: &fabric_paths
+      - "tf/providers/**"
+      - "tf/shared/modules/fabric-**"
+      - "tf/shared/modules/core-fabric/**"
+      - "tf/shared/modules/cluster-fabric/**"
+      - "tf/deployment/prod/**"
+      - ".github/workflows/fabric.yml"
+  pull_request:
+    paths: *fabric_paths
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+# No state locking on the OVH backend — never apply concurrently.
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}
+  cancel-in-progress: false
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  discover:
+    name: Discover sites
+    if: github.event_name != 'pull_request' || github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == github.repository
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      matrix: ${{ steps.sites.outputs.matrix }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - id: sites
+        name: List tf/deployment/prod/* sites
+        run: |
+          matrix=$(ls -d tf/deployment/prod/*/ | xargs -n1 basename | jq -R . | jq -cs '{site: .}')
+          echo "matrix=$matrix" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          echo "$matrix"
+
+  plan:
+    name: Plan ${{ matrix.site }}
+    needs: discover
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix: ${{ fromJSON(needs.discover.outputs.matrix) }}
+    env:
+      OP_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.OP_TF_YUCCA_PROD_ENV }}
+      FABRIC_SITE: ${{ matrix.site }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: Set up mise (go + opentofu + terragrunt)
+        uses: jdx/mise-action@e6a8b3978addb5a52f2b4cd9d91eafa7f0ab959d # v4.2.0
+      - name: Install 1Password CLI
+        uses: 1password/install-cli-action@a5215d3a7f75c1629216c465ea9ab3ab399c4b71 # v4.0.0
+      - name: Connect to Tailscale
+        uses: tailscale/github-action@306e68a486fd2350f2bfc3b19fcd143891a4a2d8 # v4.1.2
+        with:
+          oauth-client-id: ${{ secrets.TS_OAUTH_CLIENT_ID }}
+          oauth-secret: ${{ secrets.TS_OAUTH_SECRET }}
+          tags: tag:project-yucca
+      - name: Fabric plan
+        run: mise run fabric:plan -- --non-interactive
+
+  apply:
+    name: Apply ${{ matrix.site }} (gated)
+    needs: [discover, plan]
+    if: github.event_name == 'push' || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix: ${{ fromJSON(needs.discover.outputs.matrix) }}
+    # Site-scoped gate: each site's prod fabric has its own required reviewers.
+    environment:
+      name: prod-fabric-${{ matrix.site }}
+    env:
+      OP_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.OP_TF_YUCCA_PROD_ENV_WRITE }}
+      FABRIC_SITE: ${{ matrix.site }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: Set up mise (go + opentofu + terragrunt)
+        uses: jdx/mise-action@e6a8b3978addb5a52f2b4cd9d91eafa7f0ab959d # v4.2.0
+      - name: Install 1Password CLI
+        uses: 1password/install-cli-action@a5215d3a7f75c1629216c465ea9ab3ab399c4b71 # v4.0.0
+      - name: Connect to Tailscale
+        uses: tailscale/github-action@306e68a486fd2350f2bfc3b19fcd143891a4a2d8 # v4.1.2
+        with:
+          oauth-client-id: ${{ secrets.TS_OAUTH_CLIENT_ID }}
+          oauth-secret: ${{ secrets.TS_OAUTH_SECRET }}
+          tags: tag:project-yucca
+      - name: Fabric apply
+        run: mise run fabric:apply -- --non-interactive -auto-approve
@@ -54,3 +54,10 @@ ansible/*/.venv/
 # Per-project: kept outside the repo (e.g., ~/Projects/immich/yucca-ceph-import/analysis/
 # on operator workstation, but not tracked).
 analysis/
+
+# fabric (Junos/JTAF) terraform — generated artifacts
+tf/.terraformrc.fabric
+.mise/.fabric-provider-bin/
+.mise/.fabric-provider-mirror/
+# self-built junos-qfx (mirror) makes this lock platform-specific; regenerated by init
+tf/deployment/prod/htz-fsn1/.terraform.lock.hcl
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+#MISE description="terragrunt apply for prod/htz-fsn1 fabric (builds provider, renders creds from 1Password)"
+set -euo pipefail
+ROOT=$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel)
+
+mise run fabric:provider-build
+
+KEYF=$(mktemp); chmod 600 "$KEYF"; trap 'rm -f "$KEYF"' EXIT
+ACCT=(); [ -z "${OP_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_TOKEN:-}" ] && ACCT=(--account "${OP_ACCOUNT:-team-futo}")
+op read "${ACCT[@]}" "op://yucca_tf_prod/NET_SWITCHES_TERRAFORM_SSH_PRIVATE_KEY/password" > "$KEYF"
+
+export TF_VAR_netconf_ssh_key_path="$KEYF"
+export TF_CLI_CONFIG_FILE="$ROOT/tf/.terraformrc.fabric"
+SITE="${FABRIC_SITE:-htz-fsn1}"
+OP_ENV_FILE=tf/.env.prod "$ROOT/tf/op-run.sh" terragrunt --working-dir "tf/deployment/prod/$SITE" apply "$@"
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+#MISE description="terragrunt plan for prod/htz-fsn1 fabric (builds provider, renders creds from 1Password)"
+set -euo pipefail
+ROOT=$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel)
+
+mise run fabric:provider-build
+
+# Render the NETCONF SSH key from 1Password to a 0600 temp file (op run can't
+# write files). Use --account only for interactive logins; CI uses an SA token.
+KEYF=$(mktemp); chmod 600 "$KEYF"; trap 'rm -f "$KEYF"' EXIT
+ACCT=(); [ -z "${OP_SERVICE_ACCOUNT_TOKEN:-}" ] && ACCT=(--account "${OP_ACCOUNT:-team-futo}")
+op read "${ACCT[@]}" "op://yucca_tf_prod/NET_SWITCHES_TERRAFORM_SSH_PRIVATE_KEY/password" > "$KEYF"
+
+export TF_VAR_netconf_ssh_key_path="$KEYF"
+export TF_CLI_CONFIG_FILE="$ROOT/tf/.terraformrc.fabric"
+SITE="${FABRIC_SITE:-htz-fsn1}"
+OP_ENV_FILE=tf/.env.prod "$ROOT/tf/op-run.sh" terragrunt --working-dir "tf/deployment/prod/$SITE" plan "$@"
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+#MISE description="Build the vendored JTAF junos-qfx provider into a filesystem mirror + write its terraformrc"
+set -euo pipefail
+ROOT=$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel)
+SRC="$ROOT/tf/providers/terraform-provider-junos-qfx"
+MIRROR="${FABRIC_PROVIDER_MIRROR:-$ROOT/.mise/.fabric-provider-mirror}"
+VER="${FABRIC_PROVIDER_VERSION:-0.0.1}"
+
+GOOS=$(go env GOOS); GOARCH=$(go env GOARCH)
+BIN="terraform-provider-junos-qfx_v${VER}"
+
+# Build into the unpacked filesystem-mirror layout for both registry hosts
+# (OpenTofu defaults to registry.opentofu.org; Terraform to registry.terraform.io).
+for HOST in registry.opentofu.org registry.terraform.io; do
+  DEST="$MIRROR/$HOST/hashicorp/junos-qfx/$VER/${GOOS}_${GOARCH}"
+  mkdir -p "$DEST"
+  ( cd "$SRC" && go build -o "$DEST/$BIN" . )
+done
+
+cat > "$ROOT/tf/.terraformrc.fabric" <<EOF
+# Generated by 'mise run fabric:provider-build' — do not edit.
+provider_installation {
+  filesystem_mirror {
+    path    = "$MIRROR"
+    include = ["registry.opentofu.org/hashicorp/junos-qfx", "registry.terraform.io/hashicorp/junos-qfx"]
+  }
+  direct {
+    exclude = ["registry.opentofu.org/hashicorp/junos-qfx", "registry.terraform.io/hashicorp/junos-qfx"]
+  }
+}
+EOF
+echo "built junos-qfx v$VER (${GOOS}_${GOARCH}) -> $MIRROR"
+echo "wrote filesystem_mirror -> tf/.terraformrc.fabric"
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+#MISE description="Regenerate the vendored JTAF junos-qfx provider from device YANG + live config"
+# Run this only when adding new config hierarchies (the provider's resource
+# coverage is driven by the device XML). Then commit tf/providers/ and run
+# `mise run fabric:provider-build`.
+set -euo pipefail
+ROOT=$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel)
+CACHE="${FABRIC_JTAF_CACHE:-$HOME/.cache/yucca-jtaf}"
+YREL="${FABRIC_JUNOS_YANG_RELEASE:-24.4/24.4R2}"
+KEY="${FABRIC_NETCONF_KEY:-$HOME/.ssh/yucca-junos-tf}"
+SPINE_IP="${FABRIC_SPINE_IP:-10.40.5.115}"
+LEAF_IP="${FABRIC_LEAF_IP:-10.40.5.125}"
+mkdir -p "$CACHE"
+
+# 1. JTAF tooling
+[ -d "$CACHE/junos-terraform" ] || git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/Juniper/junos-terraform "$CACHE/junos-terraform"
+cd "$CACHE/junos-terraform"
+[ -d venv ] || python3 -m venv venv
+./venv/bin/pip -q install -e . >/dev/null
+
+# 2. YANG (sparse: common + junos-qfx for the target release)
+if [ ! -d "$CACHE/yang/$YREL" ]; then
+  [ -d "$CACHE/yang/.git" ] || git clone --no-checkout --depth 1 --filter=blob:none https://github.com/Juniper/yang "$CACHE/yang"
+  ( cd "$CACHE/yang" && git sparse-checkout init --cone \
+      && git sparse-checkout set "$YREL/native/conf-and-rpcs/common" "$YREL/native/conf-and-rpcs/junos-qfx" \
+      && git checkout )
+fi
+Y="$CACHE/yang/$YREL/native/conf-and-rpcs"
+
+# 3. live device config XML (spine + leaf) via the dedicated terraform key
+SSHOPTS="-i $KEY -o IdentitiesOnly=yes -o StrictHostKeyChecking=accept-new -o UserKnownHostsFile=$CACHE/known_hosts -o ConnectTimeout=15"
+ssh $SSHOPTS terraform@"$SPINE_IP" "show configuration | display xml | no-more" > "$CACHE/spine.xml"
+ssh $SSHOPTS terraform@"$LEAF_IP"  "show configuration | display xml | no-more" > "$CACHE/leaf.xml"
+
+# 4. generate provider from both device types' config
+source venv/bin/activate
+jtaf-yang2go -p "$Y/common/models" "$Y"/junos-qfx/conf/models/*.yang -x "$CACHE/spine.xml" "$CACHE/leaf.xml" -t qfx
+
+# 5. vendor into the repo
+rm -rf "$ROOT/tf/providers/terraform-provider-junos-qfx"
+cp -R terraform-provider-junos-qfx "$ROOT/tf/providers/terraform-provider-junos-qfx"
+rm -f "$ROOT/tf/providers/terraform-provider-junos-qfx/__init__.py"
+echo "regenerated + vendored -> tf/providers/terraform-provider-junos-qfx"
+echo "next: mise run fabric:provider-build"
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# Prod env file for the htz-fsn1 fabric stack — op:// references only, NO literal
+# secrets. Resolved by `op run --env-file=tf/.env.prod` (account: team-futo).
+# The `fabric:*` mise tasks set OP_ENV_FILE=tf/.env.prod automatically and, in
+# addition, render the NETCONF SSH key to a temp file (op run can't write files).
+
+# ── State backend (shared yucca-tf-state bucket, OVH Paris) ──────────────────
+export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=op://yucca_tf/TF_STATE_S3_ACCESS_KEY/password
+export AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=op://yucca_tf/TF_STATE_S3_SECRET_KEY/password
+
+# ── NetBox API token ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+# TODO: create this item in yucca_tf_prod (PASSWORD category) and confirm the path.
+export TF_VAR_netbox_token=op://yucca_tf/NETBOX_API_TOKEN/password
+
+# ── NETCONF SSH key ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+# Stored at op://yucca_tf_prod/NET_SWITCHES_TERRAFORM_SSH_PRIVATE_KEY/password.
+# NOT exported here as content — the fabric mise task renders it to a 0600 temp
+# file and exports TF_VAR_netconf_ssh_key_path=<that path>.
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+# htz-fsn1 — production switch fabric (Junos via JTAF + NetBox)
+
+Manages the Falkenstein (site 40) switch fabric as code:
+
+- **spine** (`corenetsw` VC) — shared site core: VC, 100G→4×25G breakout, VLAN stretch.
+- **cls1** (`cls1netsw` VC) — ceph cluster 1's leaf pair: public/private VLANs, IRB
+  gateways, the `NO-CROSS-VLAN` filter, and the 48 server LAGs.
+
+Each ceph cluster = one leaf pair; the spine is shared across clusters.
+
+## Addressing (derived from IDs — see `modules/fabric-addressing`)
+
+| | scheme | site 40 / cluster 1 |
+|---|---|---|
+| site supernet | `10.<site>.0.0/16` | `10.40.0.0/16` |
+| management (vme) | `10.<site>.5.0/24` | `10.40.5.0/24` (spine `.115`, leaf `.125`) |
+| cluster `n` /20 | `10.<site>.<n*16>.0/20` | `10.40.16.0/20` |
+| public (VLAN) | cluster /20, /23 idx 2 | `10.40.20.0/23` → vlan 20 |
+| private (VLAN) | cluster /20, /23 idx 3 | `10.40.22.0/23` → vlan 22 |
+| leaf vme | `.125 + (n-1)*10` | `.125` |
+
+VLAN id == the network's third octet; gateway = `.1` (IRB on the leaf).
+
+## Layout
+
+- `modules/fabric-addressing` — IDs → CIDRs/VLANs/gateways (single source of truth).
+- `modules/core-fabric` / `modules/cluster-fabric` — the spine / leaf config (one
+  JTAF `junos-qfx` resource each), generated from the live config and parameterized
+  on the addressing. **Secrets (`root-authentication`) are stripped.**
+- `modules/fabric-login` — login users + SSH keys + rights (public keys committed;
+  passwords via vars from 1Password).
+- `modules/fabric-netbox` — mirrors the IP plan into NetBox (prefixes + VLANs).
+
+## The provider
+
+The `junos-qfx` provider is **JTAF-generated and vendored** in `tf/providers/` (not on
+any registry). It's built into a local filesystem mirror by `mise run fabric:provider-build`.
+
+- `mise run fabric:provider-gen` — regenerate from device YANG + live config (only
+  when adding new config hierarchies), then commit `tf/providers/`.
+- `mise run fabric:provider-build` — `go build` the vendored source into the mirror
+  and write `tf/.terraformrc.fabric` (consumed via `TF_CLI_CONFIG_FILE`).
+
+## Running
+
+```sh
+mise run fabric:plan     # builds provider, renders the NETCONF key from 1Password, terragrunt plan
+mise run fabric:apply    # ... apply
+```
+
+CI: `.github/workflows/fabric.yml` — plan on PR, gated apply on merge behind the
+site-scoped `prod-fabric-htz-fsn1` GitHub Environment (required reviewers).
+
+## Adoption caveat (first run)
+
+The JTAF provider has **no `terraform import`** and pushes config with `action="merge"`
+(additive). NetBox objects + the existing direct switch config already exist (manually
+seeded), so the first `apply` *asserts* matching config (idempotent on the switches)
+and **NetBox prefixes/VLANs must be `import`ed** first or they'll clash. Run a `plan`
+and review before the first `apply`.
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Addressing — single source of truth for the IP plan (site 40 + cluster ordinals).
+module "addr_site" {
+  source  = "../../../shared/modules/fabric-addressing"
+  site_id = var.site_id
+}
+
+module "addr_cls1" {
+  source     = "../../../shared/modules/fabric-addressing"
+  site_id    = var.site_id
+  cluster_id = 1
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+# Switch fabric: the shared spine core + each cluster's leaf pair, plus login
+# (users/keys/rights) on every VC. Add a cluster by adding its leaf provider
+# (providers.tf), a cluster-fabric + login module here, and its serials in tfvars.
+
+module "core" {
+  source    = "../../../shared/modules/core-fabric"
+  providers = { junos-qfx = junos-qfx.spine }
+
+  public_vlan_id  = module.addr_cls1.public_vlan_id
+  private_vlan_id = module.addr_cls1.private_vlan_id
+
+  vc_member_serials = var.spine_vc_serials
+}
+
+module "cluster_cls1" {
+  source    = "../../../shared/modules/cluster-fabric"
+  providers = { junos-qfx = junos-qfx.leaf_cls1 }
+
+  public_cidr     = module.addr_cls1.public_cidr
+  private_cidr    = module.addr_cls1.private_cidr
+  public_gateway  = module.addr_cls1.public_gateway
+  private_gateway = module.addr_cls1.private_gateway
+  public_vlan_id  = module.addr_cls1.public_vlan_id
+  private_vlan_id = module.addr_cls1.private_vlan_id
+  prefixlen       = module.addr_cls1.prefixlen
+
+  vc_member_serials = var.cls1_leaf_serials
+}
+
+module "login_spine" {
+  source    = "../../../shared/modules/fabric-login"
+  providers = { junos-qfx = junos-qfx.spine }
+
+  resource_name = "login"
+  users         = var.fabric_users
+  classes       = var.fabric_login_classes
+}
+
+module "login_leaf_cls1" {
+  source    = "../../../shared/modules/fabric-login"
+  providers = { junos-qfx = junos-qfx.leaf_cls1 }
+
+  resource_name = "login"
+  users         = var.fabric_users
+  classes       = var.fabric_login_classes
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# htz-fsn1 (site 40) — production switch fabric.
+#   spine (corenetsw) = shared site core.
+#   cls1  (cls1netsw) = ceph cluster 1's leaf pair.
+#
+# Stack layout:
+#   addressing.tf — IP plan (fabric-addressing: site/cluster IDs -> CIDRs/VLANs)
+#   fabric.tf     — switch config: spine core + cluster leaves + login
+#   netbox.tf     — NetBox IPAM mirrored from the addressing
+#   providers.tf  — per-VC junos-qfx providers (+ netbox)
+#   versions.tf / variables.tf / terraform.auto.tfvars / terragrunt.hcl
+#
+# Add a cluster: a leaf provider in providers.tf, addr_clsN in addressing.tf,
+# cluster-fabric + login modules in fabric.tf, a clusters entry in netbox.tf,
+# and its serials in terraform.auto.tfvars.
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+# NetBox — creates the whole fabric representation: the site, manufacturers/roles/
+# device-types, the switch chassis (spine pair + each cluster's leaf pair, with vme
+# mgmt IPs), VLANs, prefixes, and gateway IPs — all from the addressing module.
+module "netbox" {
+  source = "../../../shared/modules/fabric-netbox"
+
+  site = {
+    name = var.netbox_site_name
+    slug = var.netbox_site_slug
+    code = var.site_code
+  }
+
+  site_supernet = module.addr_site.site_supernet
+  mgmt_cidr     = module.addr_site.mgmt_cidr
+
+  clusters = {
+    "1" = {
+      cluster_supernet = module.addr_cls1.cluster_supernet
+      public_cidr      = module.addr_cls1.public_cidr
+      private_cidr     = module.addr_cls1.private_cidr
+      public_vlan_id   = module.addr_cls1.public_vlan_id
+      private_vlan_id  = module.addr_cls1.private_vlan_id
+      public_gateway   = module.addr_cls1.public_gateway
+      private_gateway  = module.addr_cls1.private_gateway
+    }
+  }
+
+  devices = {
+    # Spine VC (shared site core) — member 0 carries the vme.
+    "${var.netbox_site_slug}-corenetsw-1" = {
+      role   = "spine", manufacturer = "Juniper Networks", model = "QFX5200-32C-32Q"
+      serial = var.spine_vc_serials[0], mgmt_ip = module.addr_site.spine_mgmt_ip
+    }
+    "${var.netbox_site_slug}-corenetsw-2" = {
+      role   = "spine", manufacturer = "Juniper Networks", model = "QFX5200-32C-32Q"
+      serial = var.spine_vc_serials[1]
+    }
+    # cls1 leaf VC — member 0 carries the vme.
+    "${var.netbox_site_slug}-cls1netsw-1" = {
+      role   = "leaf", manufacturer = "Juniper Networks", model = "QFX5120-48Y-8C"
+      serial = var.cls1_leaf_serials[0], mgmt_ip = module.addr_cls1.leaf_mgmt_ip
+    }
+    "${var.netbox_site_slug}-cls1netsw-2" = {
+      role   = "leaf", manufacturer = "Juniper Networks", model = "QFX5120-48Y-8C"
+      serial = var.cls1_leaf_serials[1]
+    }
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# One junos-qfx provider instance per switch VC, host derived from the addressing
+# module (spine = site .115; each cluster leaf = .125 + (n-1)*10). Auth is the
+# dedicated `terraform` NETCONF user with an SSH key (path from var; rendered from
+# 1Password by the mise/CI runner — never committed).
+
+provider "junos-qfx" {
+  alias    = "spine"
+  host     = module.addr_site.spine_mgmt_ip # 10.40.5.115
+  port     = 830
+  username = "terraform"
+  sshkey   = var.netconf_ssh_key_path
+}
+
+provider "junos-qfx" {
+  alias    = "leaf_cls1"
+  host     = module.addr_cls1.leaf_mgmt_ip # 10.40.5.125
+  port     = 830
+  username = "terraform"
+  sshkey   = var.netconf_ssh_key_path
+}
+
+provider "netbox" {
+  server_url = var.netbox_url
+  api_token  = var.netbox_token
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+site_id    = 40
+site_code  = "FSN1"
+netbox_url = "https://netbox.futoinfra.com"
+
+# Login users applied to every switch VC. Public keys only — NOT secret.
+# `class` is the rights: a built-in (super-user, operator, read-only) or a custom
+# one defined in fabric_login_classes below.
+fabric_users = {
+  terraform = {
+    class            = "super-user"
+    uid              = 2000
+    ssh_ed25519_keys = ["ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIBGZtF1f+06DCKqdFYnCOn6idd1RBFqzTq7CdwluNVLc yucca-junos-tf"]
+  }
+
+  # Example operator with restricted rights (uncomment + add real key):
+  # ops = {
+  #   class            = "fabric-ro"
+  #   ssh_ed25519_keys = ["ssh-ed25519 AAAA... alice@futo"]
+  # }
+}
+
+# Custom login classes (rights). Example: a read-only class for operators.
+fabric_login_classes = {
+  # fabric-ro = { permissions = ["view", "view-configuration"] }
+}
+
+# cls1 (cls1netsw) leaf VC member serials.
+cls1_leaf_serials = ["XH4925470753", "XH4925460012"]
+
+# spine (corenetsw) VC member serials.
+spine_vc_serials = ["WH3622440738", "WH0220510012"]
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+include "root" {
+  path = find_in_parent_folders("terragrunt.hcl")
+}
+
+# State key derives from the path: ceph/prod/htz-fsn1/terraform.tfstate
+# Providers come from versions.tf; the junos-qfx provider is supplied via
+# dev_overrides (TF_CLI_CONFIG_FILE), set by the `fabric:*` mise tasks and CI.
+# terraform.auto.tfvars is loaded automatically.
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+variable "site_id" {
+  type        = number
+  default     = 40
+  description = "Site id (htz-fsn1 = 40)."
+}
+
+variable "site_code" {
+  type        = string
+  default     = "FSN1"
+  description = "Short site code for NetBox VLAN naming."
+}
+
+variable "netconf_ssh_key_path" {
+  type        = string
+  description = <<-EOT
+    Filesystem path to the dedicated `terraform` NETCONF SSH private key. The
+    runner renders it from 1Password (op://yucca_tf_prod/NET_SWITCHES_TERRAFORM_SSH_PRIVATE_KEY)
+    to a temp file and sets TF_VAR_netconf_ssh_key_path. Local dev can point at
+    ~/.ssh/yucca-junos-tf.
+  EOT
+}
+
+variable "netbox_url" {
+  type        = string
+  default     = "https://netbox.futoinfra.com"
+  description = "NetBox base URL."
+}
+
+variable "netbox_token" {
+  type        = string
+  sensitive   = true
+  description = "NetBox API token (from 1Password via op run)."
+}
+
+variable "netbox_site_name" {
+  type        = string
+  default     = "HTZ-FSN1"
+  description = "NetBox site name (created by the netbox module)."
+}
+
+variable "netbox_site_slug" {
+  type        = string
+  default     = "htz-fsn1"
+  description = "NetBox site slug; also the device-name prefix."
+}
+
+variable "fabric_users" {
+  description = "Login users (name -> rights + SSH public keys) applied to every VC."
+  type = map(object({
+    class            = string
+    uid              = optional(number)
+    full_name        = optional(string)
+    ssh_ed25519_keys = optional(list(string), [])
+    ssh_rsa_keys     = optional(list(string), [])
+  }))
+}
+
+variable "fabric_login_classes" {
+  description = "Optional custom login classes -> permissions."
+  type = map(object({
+    permissions = list(string)
+  }))
+  default = {}
+}
+
+variable "cls1_leaf_serials" {
+  type        = list(string)
+  description = "cls1 leaf VC member chassis serials (member 0, member 1)."
+}
+
+variable "spine_vc_serials" {
+  type        = list(string)
+  description = "Spine (corenetsw) VC member chassis serials (member 0, member 1)."
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+terraform {
+  required_version = "~> 1.11"
+  required_providers {
+    # JTAF-generated, vendored in tf/providers/terraform-provider-junos-qfx and
+    # supplied via dev_overrides (see mise `fabric:provider-build` + the GH workflow).
+    junos-qfx = {
+      source = "hashicorp/junos-qfx"
+    }
+    netbox = {
+      source  = "e-breuninger/netbox"
+      version = "~> 4.0"
+    }
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+terraform_provider
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+## README
+
+The files in here are automatically copied to the new provider.
+
+DO NOT FIDDLE WITH THEM!
+
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2017-2022, Juniper Networks Inc. All rights reserved.
+//
+// License: Apache 2.0
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Juniper Networks, Inc. ''AS IS'' AND ANY
+// EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
+// WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+// DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL Juniper Networks, Inc. BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+// DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
+// (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
+// LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
+// ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+// SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"terraform-provider-junos-qfx/netconf"
+)
+
+// Config is the configuration structure used to instantiate the Netconf provider.
+type Config struct {
+	Host     string
+	Port     int
+	Username string
+	Password string
+	SSHKey   string
+}
+
+// Client returns a new client for the provider to use
+func (c *Config) Client() (netconf.Client, error) {
+	return newClient(c)
+}
+
+func newClient(c *Config) (netconf.Client, error) {
+
+	client, err := netconf.NewClient(c.Username, c.Password, c.SSHKey, c.Host, c.Port)
+	return client, err
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,187 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// TestConfigClientWithPassword tests creating a client with password authentication
+func TestConfigClientWithPassword(t *testing.T) {
+	config := &Config{
+		Host:     "localhost",
+		Port:     830,
+		Username: "testuser",
+		Password: "testpass",
+		SSHKey:   "",
+	}
+
+	client, err := config.Client()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if client == nil {
+		t.Error("expected non-nil client, got nil")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestConfigClientWithSSHKey tests creating a client with SSH key authentication
+func TestConfigClientWithSSHKey(t *testing.T) {
+	config := &Config{
+		Host:     "localhost",
+		Port:     830,
+		Username: "testuser",
+		Password: "",
+		SSHKey:   "/path/to/key",
+	}
+
+	client, err := config.Client()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if client == nil {
+		t.Error("expected non-nil client, got nil")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestConfigClientWithEmptyHost tests client creation with empty host
+func TestConfigClientWithEmptyHost(t *testing.T) {
+	config := &Config{
+		Host:     "",
+		Port:     830,
+		Username: "testuser",
+		Password: "testpass",
+		SSHKey:   "",
+	}
+
+	client, err := config.Client()
+	if err != nil {
+		// Expected error when host is empty
+		t.Logf("got expected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if client != nil {
+		// Client creation may still succeed, so we just validate
+		t.Logf("client created with empty host: %v", client)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestConfigClientWithValidParams tests client creation with all valid parameters
+func TestConfigClientWithValidParams(t *testing.T) {
+	testCases := []struct {
+		name    string
+		config  *Config
+		wantErr bool
+		desc    string
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "valid with password",
+			config: &Config{
+				Host:     "192.168.1.1",
+				Port:     830,
+				Username: "admin",
+				Password: "admin123",
+				SSHKey:   "",
+			},
+			wantErr: false,
+			desc:    "Should create client with password authentication",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "valid with ssh key",
+			config: &Config{
+				Host:     "192.168.1.1",
+				Port:     830,
+				Username: "admin",
+				Password: "",
+				SSHKey:   "/home/user/.ssh/id_rsa",
+			},
+			wantErr: false,
+			desc:    "Should create client with SSH key authentication",
+		},
+		{
+			name: "custom port",
+			config: &Config{
+				Host:     "10.0.0.1",
+				Port:     2222,
+				Username: "operator",
+				Password: "pass",
+				SSHKey:   "",
+			},
+			wantErr: false,
+			desc:    "Should create client with custom SSH port",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			client, err := tc.config.Client()
+
+			if (err != nil) != tc.wantErr {
+				t.Errorf("unexpected error state: %v (expected error: %v)", err, tc.wantErr)
+			}
+
+			if !tc.wantErr && client == nil {
+				t.Error("expected non-nil client")
+			}
+
+			t.Logf("%s", tc.desc)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// TestNewClientDirectly tests the newClient helper function
+func TestNewClientDirectly(t *testing.T) {
+	config := &Config{
+		Host:     "localhost",
+		Port:     830,
+		Username: "user",
+		Password: "pass",
+		SSHKey:   "",
+	}
+
+	client, err := newClient(config)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if client == nil {
+		t.Error("expected non-nil client")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestConfigValues tests that config values are properly set
+func TestConfigValues(t *testing.T) {
+	expectedHost := "example.com"
+	expectedPort := 2222
+	expectedUsername := "admin"
+	expectedPassword := "secret"
+	expectedSSHKey := "/path/to/key"
+
+	config := &Config{
+		Host:     expectedHost,
+		Port:     expectedPort,
+		Username: expectedUsername,
+		Password: expectedPassword,
+		SSHKey:   expectedSSHKey,
+	}
+
+	if config.Host != expectedHost {
+		t.Errorf("host mismatch: expected %s, got %s", expectedHost, config.Host)
+	}
+
+	if config.Port != expectedPort {
+		t.Errorf("port mismatch: expected %d, got %d", expectedPort, config.Port)
+	}
+
+	if config.Username != expectedUsername {
+		t.Errorf("username mismatch: expected %s, got %s", expectedUsername, config.Username)
+	}
+
+	if config.Password != expectedPassword {
+		t.Errorf("password mismatch: expected %s, got %s", expectedPassword, config.Password)
+	}
+
+	if config.SSHKey != expectedSSHKey {
+		t.Errorf("ssh key mismatch: expected %s, got %s", expectedSSHKey, config.SSHKey)
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+module terraform-provider-junos-qfx
+
+go 1.25.6
+
+require (
+	github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework v1.18.0
+	github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-go v0.30.0
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.48.0
+	nemith.io/netconf v0.0.4
+)
+
+require (
+	github.com/fatih/color v1.18.0 // indirect
+	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.4 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-hclog v1.6.3 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-plugin v1.7.0 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-uuid v1.0.3 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-log v0.10.0 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/terraform-registry-address v0.4.0 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/terraform-svchost v0.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/yamux v0.1.2 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.14 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 // indirect
+	github.com/mitchellh/go-testing-interface v1.14.1 // indirect
+	github.com/oklog/run v1.2.0 // indirect
+	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1 // indirect
+	github.com/vmihailenco/msgpack/v5 v5.4.1 // indirect
+	github.com/vmihailenco/tagparser/v2 v2.0.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/net v0.51.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.42.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.34.0 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20260226221140-a57be14db171 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/grpc v1.81.1 // indirect
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.11 // indirect
+)
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+github.com/bufbuild/protocompile v0.14.1 h1:iA73zAf/fyljNjQKwYzUHD6AD4R8KMasmwa/FBatYVw=
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+github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0 h1:UL815xU9SqsFlibzuggzjXhog7bL6oX9BbNZnL2UFvs=
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+gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
+gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 h1:fxVm/GzAzEWqLHuvctI91KS9hhNmmWOoWu0XTYJS7CA=
+gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1/go.mod h1:K4uyk7z7BCEPqu6E+C64Yfv1cQ7kz7rIZviUmN+EgEM=
+nemith.io/netconf v0.0.4 h1:v1i05GAypUTYRrA1gwt6bZCWhDeDkB7sL7BO8JwkMWY=
+nemith.io/netconf v0.0.4/go.mod h1:VisEiVJJ+W4NgTZ4QPKJb70RttJN2Ky6vvxzs8X5Dpg=
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2017-2022, Juniper Networks Inc. All rights reserved.
+//
+// License: Apache 2.0
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Juniper Networks, Inc. ''AS IS'' AND ANY
+// EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
+// WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+// DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL Juniper Networks, Inc. BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+// DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
+// (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
+// LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
+// ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+// SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"flag"
+	"log"
+
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework/providerserver"
+)
+
+var (
+	parseFlags = func(debug *bool) {
+		flag.BoolVar(debug, "debug", false, "set to true to run the provider with support for debuggers like delve")
+		flag.Parse()
+	}
+	serveProvider = providerserver.Serve
+	fatalLogger   = func(v ...interface{}) {
+		log.Fatal(v...)
+	}
+)
+
+// run parses runtime flags and starts the provider server.
+func run() error {
+	var debug bool
+	parseFlags(&debug)
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	opts := providerserver.ServeOpts{
+		Address: "tf-registry.click/juniper/jtaf670ffa332c26b46b",
+		Debug:   debug,
+	}
+
+	return serveProvider(ctx, newProvider, opts)
+}
+
+// main executes the provider process and exits on startup errors.
+func main() {
+	if err := run(); err != nil {
+		fatalLogger(err)
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework/provider"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework/providerserver"
+)
+
+// TestRunPassesDebugToServe verifies run forwards parsed debug state to Serve.
+func TestRunPassesDebugToServe(t *testing.T) {
+	originalParseFlags := parseFlags
+	originalServeProvider := serveProvider
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		parseFlags = originalParseFlags
+		serveProvider = originalServeProvider
+	})
+
+	parseFlags = func(debug *bool) {
+		*debug = true
+	}
+
+	called := false
+	serveProvider = func(_ context.Context, providerFunc func() provider.Provider, opts providerserver.ServeOpts) error {
+		called = true
+		if !opts.Debug {
+			t.Fatalf("expected debug=true in serve options")
+		}
+		if opts.Address == "" {
+			t.Fatalf("expected non-empty provider address")
+		}
+		if providerFunc() == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("expected provider constructor to return non-nil provider")
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if err := run(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("run() returned unexpected error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if !called {
+		t.Fatalf("expected serveProvider to be called")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestMainLogsFatalOnRunError verifies main logs fatally when startup fails.
+func TestMainLogsFatalOnRunError(t *testing.T) {
+	originalParseFlags := parseFlags
+	originalServeProvider := serveProvider
+	originalFatalLogger := fatalLogger
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		parseFlags = originalParseFlags
+		serveProvider = originalServeProvider
+		fatalLogger = originalFatalLogger
+	})
+
+	parseFlags = func(_ *bool) {}
+	serveErr := errors.New("serve failed")
+	serveProvider = func(_ context.Context, _ func() provider.Provider, _ providerserver.ServeOpts) error {
+		return serveErr
+	}
+
+	called := false
+	fatalLogger = func(v ...interface{}) {
+		called = true
+		if len(v) != 1 || v[0] != serveErr {
+			t.Fatalf("fatalLogger called with unexpected args: %#v", v)
+		}
+	}
+
+	main()
+
+	if !called {
+		t.Fatalf("expected fatalLogger to be called")
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+Copyright © 2013-2018 Juniper Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+
+(1) Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+
+(2) Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS “AS IS” AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+The views and conclusions contained in the software and documentation are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing official policies, either expressed or implied, of Juniper Networks.
@@ -0,0 +1,488 @@
+package netconf
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/xml"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"os"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/ssh"
+	netconf "nemith.io/netconf"
+	netconfssh "nemith.io/netconf/transport/ssh"
+)
+
+const groupStrXML = `<load-configuration action="merge" format="xml">
+%s
+</load-configuration>
+`
+
+const deleteStr = `<edit-config>
+	<target>
+		<candidate/>
+	</target>
+	<default-operation>none</default-operation>
+	<config>
+		<configuration>
+			<groups operation="delete">
+				<name>%s</name>
+			</groups>
+			<apply-groups operation="delete">%s</apply-groups>
+		</configuration>
+	</config>
+</edit-config>`
+
+const commitStr = `<commit/>`
+
+const getGroupXMLStr = `<get-configuration>
+  <configuration>
+  <groups><name>%s</name></groups>
+  </configuration>
+</get-configuration>
+`
+
+const getConfigXMLStr = `<get-configuration>
+	<configuration>
+	</configuration>
+</get-configuration>
+`
+
+const applyGroupXML = `<load-configuration action="merge" format="xml">
+	%s
+</load-configuration>
+`
+
+const discardChanges = `<discard-changes/>`
+
+const patchEditConfigStr = `<edit-config>
+	<target><candidate/></target>
+	<default-operation>merge</default-operation>
+	<config xmlns:nc="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:base:1.0">
+%s
+	</config>
+</edit-config>`
+
+// defaultPort is the NETCONF-over-SSH default.
+const defaultPort = 830
+
+type configuration struct {
+	ApplyGroup []string `xml:"apply-groups"`
+}
+
+func debugRPC(label string, payload string) {
+	if os.Getenv("JUNOS_TF_DEBUG_RPC") == "" {
+		return
+	}
+	fmt.Printf("\n=== %s ===\n%s\n", label, payload)
+}
+
+func marshalRPCRequest(operation string, messageID string) (string, error) {
+	rpc := netconf.NewRPC([]byte(operation))
+	if messageID != "" {
+		rpc.MessageID = messageID
+	}
+
+	rpcXML, err := xml.Marshal(rpc)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	return string(rpcXML), nil
+}
+
+func isMissingDeleteError(err error) bool {
+	if err == nil {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	errText := strings.ToLower(err.Error())
+	return strings.Contains(errText, "data-missing") && strings.Contains(errText, "statement not found")
+}
+
+type operationExecutor func(ctx context.Context, operation string) (string, error)
+
+// GoNCClient implements the provider-facing NETCONF client API on top of nemith/netconf.
+type GoNCClient struct {
+	host      string
+	port      int
+	sshConfig *ssh.ClientConfig
+
+	Lock sync.RWMutex
+	exec operationExecutor
+}
+
+// Close keeps existing behavior contract for provider lifecycle hooks.
+func (g *GoNCClient) Close() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+// execute sends a single NETCONF RPC and returns its inner XML payload.
+func (g *GoNCClient) execute(ctx context.Context, operation string) (string, error) {
+	if g.exec != nil {
+		return g.exec(ctx, operation)
+	}
+
+	target := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", g.host, g.port)
+	transport, err := netconfssh.Dial(ctx, "tcp", target, g.sshConfig)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	session, err := netconf.NewSession(transport)
+	if err != nil {
+		_ = transport.Close()
+		return "", err
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		_ = session.Close(context.Background())
+	}()
+
+	rpc := session.Prepare(netconf.NewRPC([]byte(operation)))
+	rpcXML, err := xml.Marshal(rpc)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal rpc request: %w", err)
+	}
+	debugRPC("rpc request", string(rpcXML))
+
+	msg, err := session.Do(ctx, rpc)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		_ = msg.Close()
+	}()
+
+	rawReply, err := io.ReadAll(msg)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to read rpc-reply: %w", err)
+	}
+	debugRPC("rpc reply", string(rawReply))
+
+	reply := struct {
+		XMLName xml.Name `xml:"rpc-reply"`
+		Data    string   `xml:",innerxml"`
+	}{}
+
+	if err := xml.Unmarshal(rawReply, &reply); err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to decode rpc-reply: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	return reply.Data, nil
+}
+
+// updateRawConfig replaces an existing apply-group payload and optionally commits.
+func (g *GoNCClient) updateRawConfig(applyGroup string, netconfCall string, commit bool) (string, error) {
+	g.Lock.Lock()
+	defer g.Lock.Unlock()
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	deleteString := fmt.Sprintf(deleteStr, applyGroup, applyGroup)
+	if _, err := g.execute(ctx, deleteString); err != nil {
+		if !isMissingDeleteError(err) {
+			return "", err
+		}
+	}
+
+	nameStart := strings.Index(netconfCall, "<name>")
+	nameEnd := strings.Index(netconfCall, "</name>")
+	if nameStart == -1 || nameEnd == -1 {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to extract the group name from the netconfcall")
+	}
+	groupName := netconfCall[nameStart+6 : nameEnd]
+	addToApplyGroupsList(groupName)
+
+	groupString := fmt.Sprintf(groupStrXML, netconfCall)
+	reply, err := g.execute(ctx, groupString)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	if commit {
+		if _, err := g.execute(ctx, commitStr); err != nil {
+			return "", err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return reply, nil
+}
+
+// DeleteConfig deletes the target apply-group and optionally commits.
+func (g *GoNCClient) DeleteConfig(applyGroup string, commit bool) (string, error) {
+	g.Lock.Lock()
+	defer g.Lock.Unlock()
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	deleteString := fmt.Sprintf(deleteStr, applyGroup, applyGroup)
+	reply, err := g.execute(ctx, deleteString)
+	if err != nil {
+		if !isMissingDeleteError(err) {
+			return "", err
+		}
+		reply = "<ok/>"
+	}
+
+	if commit {
+		if _, err := g.execute(ctx, commitStr); err != nil {
+			return "", err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return strings.ReplaceAll(reply, "\n", ""), nil
+}
+
+// SendCommit emits apply-groups in deterministic order and commits candidate config.
+func (g *GoNCClient) SendCommit() error {
+	g.Lock.Lock()
+	defer g.Lock.Unlock()
+
+	hasApplyGroups := false
+	applyGroupsMutex.Lock()
+	for _, group := range applyGroupsList {
+		if group != "" {
+			hasApplyGroups = true
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	applyGroupsMutex.Unlock()
+
+	if hasApplyGroups {
+		sortApplyGroupsList()
+		if err := g.sendApplyGroupsLocked(context.Background()); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if _, err := g.execute(context.Background(), commitStr); err != nil {
+		_, _ = g.execute(context.Background(), discardChanges)
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// sendApplyGroupsLocked emits the current apply-groups list as load-configuration XML.
+func (g *GoNCClient) sendApplyGroupsLocked(ctx context.Context) error {
+	applyGroupsMutex.Lock()
+	applyGroupsCopy := make([]string, len(applyGroupsList))
+	copy(applyGroupsCopy, applyGroupsList)
+	applyGroupsMutex.Unlock()
+
+	var applyG configuration
+	applyG.ApplyGroup = applyGroupsCopy
+
+	cfg, err := xml.Marshal(applyG)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	_, err = g.execute(ctx, fmt.Sprintf(applyGroupXML, string(cfg)))
+	return err
+}
+
+// MarshalGroup fetches a group and unmarshals XML into obj.
+func (g *GoNCClient) MarshalGroup(id string, obj interface{}) error {
+	reply, err := g.readRawGroup(id)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err = xml.Unmarshal([]byte(reply), &obj); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// MarshalConfig fetches the full configuration and unmarshals XML into obj.
+func (g *GoNCClient) MarshalConfig(obj interface{}) error {
+	reply, err := g.readRawConfig()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if err = xml.Unmarshal([]byte(reply), &obj); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+var applyGroupsList []string
+var applyGroupsMutex sync.Mutex
+
+// SendTransaction updates or creates a config payload and optionally commits it.
+func (g *GoNCClient) SendTransaction(id string, obj interface{}, commit bool) error {
+	cfg, err := xml.Marshal(obj)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if id != "" {
+		if _, err = g.updateRawConfig(id, string(cfg), commit); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if _, err = g.sendRawConfig(string(cfg), commit); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// SendDirectTransaction loads raw XML config directly without apply-groups wrapping.
+func (g *GoNCClient) SendDirectTransaction(obj interface{}, commit bool) error {
+	cfg, err := xml.Marshal(obj)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if _, err = g.sendDirectRawConfig(string(cfg), commit); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// addToApplyGroupsList records a group ID for deferred apply-groups emission.
+func addToApplyGroupsList(id string) {
+	applyGroupsMutex.Lock()
+	defer applyGroupsMutex.Unlock()
+	applyGroupsList = append(applyGroupsList, id)
+}
+
+// sortApplyGroupsList removes empty values and keeps group ordering deterministic.
+func sortApplyGroupsList() {
+	applyGroupsMutex.Lock()
+	defer applyGroupsMutex.Unlock()
+
+	filteredGroups := make([]string, 0, len(applyGroupsList))
+	for _, group := range applyGroupsList {
+		if group != "" {
+			filteredGroups = append(filteredGroups, group)
+		}
+	}
+	sort.Strings(filteredGroups)
+	applyGroupsList = filteredGroups
+}
+
+// SendUpdate applies a prepared XML diff payload and optionally commits it.
+func (g *GoNCClient) SendUpdate(id string, diff string, commit bool) error {
+	g.Lock.Lock()
+	defer g.Lock.Unlock()
+	_ = id
+
+	patchPayload := fmt.Sprintf(patchEditConfigStr, diff)
+	if _, err := g.execute(context.Background(), patchPayload); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if commit {
+		if _, err := g.execute(context.Background(), commitStr); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// sendRawConfig loads raw XML config and optionally commits it.
+func (g *GoNCClient) sendRawConfig(netconfCall string, commit bool) (string, error) {
+	g.Lock.Lock()
+	defer g.Lock.Unlock()
+
+	nameStart := strings.Index(netconfCall, "<name>")
+	nameEnd := strings.Index(netconfCall, "</name>")
+	if nameStart == -1 || nameEnd == -1 {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to extract the group name from the netconfCall")
+	}
+	groupName := netconfCall[nameStart+6 : nameEnd]
+	addToApplyGroupsList(groupName)
+
+	reply, err := g.execute(context.Background(), fmt.Sprintf(groupStrXML, netconfCall))
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	if commit {
+		if _, err = g.execute(context.Background(), commitStr); err != nil {
+			return "", err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return reply, nil
+}
+
+// sendDirectRawConfig loads raw XML configuration without group bookkeeping.
+func (g *GoNCClient) sendDirectRawConfig(netconfCall string, commit bool) (string, error) {
+	g.Lock.Lock()
+	defer g.Lock.Unlock()
+
+	reply, err := g.execute(context.Background(), fmt.Sprintf(groupStrXML, netconfCall))
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+
+	if commit {
+		if _, err = g.execute(context.Background(), commitStr); err != nil {
+			return "", err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return reply, nil
+}
+
+// readRawGroup fetches a single apply-group configuration payload.
+func (g *GoNCClient) readRawGroup(applyGroup string) (string, error) {
+	g.Lock.Lock()
+	defer g.Lock.Unlock()
+
+	return g.execute(context.Background(), fmt.Sprintf(getGroupXMLStr, applyGroup))
+}
+
+// readRawConfig fetches the full configuration payload.
+func (g *GoNCClient) readRawConfig() (string, error) {
+	g.Lock.Lock()
+	defer g.Lock.Unlock()
+
+	return g.execute(context.Background(), getConfigXMLStr)
+}
+
+// publicKeyFile parses an SSH private key file into an auth method.
+func publicKeyFile(file string) ssh.AuthMethod {
+	buffer, err := os.ReadFile(file)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	key, err := ssh.ParsePrivateKey(buffer)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return ssh.PublicKeys(key)
+}
+
+// NewClient returns a NETCONF client backed by nemith/netconf.
+func NewClient(username, password, sshKey, address string, port int) (Client, error) {
+	if port == 0 {
+		port = defaultPort
+	}
+
+	cfg := &ssh.ClientConfig{
+		User:            username,
+		HostKeyCallback: ssh.InsecureIgnoreHostKey(),
+	}
+
+	if sshKey != "" {
+		authMethod := publicKeyFile(sshKey)
+		cfg.Auth = []ssh.AuthMethod{authMethod}
+	} else {
+		cfg.Auth = []ssh.AuthMethod{ssh.Password(password)}
+	}
+
+	return &GoNCClient{
+		host:      address,
+		port:      port,
+		sshConfig: cfg,
+	}, nil
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,560 @@
+package netconf
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"crypto/rsa"
+	"crypto/x509"
+	"encoding/pem"
+	"encoding/xml"
+	"errors"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"golang.org/x/crypto/ssh"
+)
+
+// newMockClient creates a client with an injected RPC executor for deterministic tests.
+func newMockClient(calls *[]string, ret string, err error) *GoNCClient {
+	return &GoNCClient{
+		Lock: sync.RWMutex{},
+		exec: func(_ context.Context, op string) (string, error) {
+			*calls = append(*calls, op)
+			return ret, err
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+// TestDeleteConfigCallsExpectedOperations verifies delete then commit RPC sequencing.
+func TestDeleteConfigCallsExpectedOperations(t *testing.T) {
+	calls := []string{}
+	client := newMockClient(&calls, "<ok/>", nil)
+
+	_, err := client.DeleteConfig("base-config", true)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("DeleteConfig returned error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(calls) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 2 operations, got %d", len(calls))
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(calls[0], "<edit-config>") {
+		t.Fatalf("first call should be edit-config, got %q", calls[0])
+	}
+	if strings.TrimSpace(calls[1]) != commitStr {
+		t.Fatalf("second call should be commit, got %q", calls[1])
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendUpdateBaseConfigPayload verifies patch updates do not require group name tags.
+func TestSendUpdateBaseConfigPayload(t *testing.T) {
+	calls := []string{}
+	client := newMockClient(&calls, "<ok/>", nil)
+
+	diff := `<configuration><system><host-name nc:operation="replace">leaf1</host-name></system></configuration>`
+	if err := client.SendUpdate("base-config", diff, false); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("SendUpdate returned error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(calls) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected single edit-config operation, got %d", len(calls))
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(calls[0], "<edit-config>") || !strings.Contains(calls[0], "<default-operation>merge</default-operation>") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected patch edit-config envelope, got %q", calls[0])
+	}
+}
+
+// TestMarshalRPCRequestUsesInnerXML verifies patch requests are wrapped in
+// <rpc> while the operation body remains raw XML, not wrapper fields.
+func TestMarshalRPCRequestUsesInnerXML(t *testing.T) {
+	rpcXML, err := marshalRPCRequest("<edit-config><target><candidate/></target></edit-config>", "1")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("marshalRPCRequest() returned error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if !strings.Contains(rpcXML, `<rpc xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:netconf:base:1.0" message-id="1">`) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected rpc envelope, got %q", rpcXML)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(rpcXML, "<edit-config>") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected edit-config payload in rpc, got %q", rpcXML)
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(rpcXML, "<Operation>") || strings.Contains(rpcXML, "<RawXML>") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected raw payload without wrapper element, got %q", rpcXML)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendTransactionWithIDReplacesGroup verifies ID-based transactions use update flow.
+func TestSendTransactionWithIDReplacesGroup(t *testing.T) {
+	calls := []string{}
+	client := newMockClient(&calls, "<ok/>", nil)
+
+	obj := struct {
+		XMLName struct{} `xml:"configuration"`
+		Groups  struct {
+			Name string `xml:"name"`
+		} `xml:"groups"`
+	}{}
+	obj.Groups.Name = "base-config"
+
+	if err := client.SendTransaction("base-config", obj, false); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("SendTransaction returned error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if len(calls) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 2 operations for update flow, got %d", len(calls))
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(calls[0], "operation=\"delete\"") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected delete operation first, got %q", calls[0])
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(calls[1], "<load-configuration") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected load-configuration second, got %q", calls[1])
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendCommitDiscardsOnCommitError verifies discard-changes is sent after commit failure.
+func TestSendCommitDiscardsOnCommitError(t *testing.T) {
+	calls := []string{}
+	client := &GoNCClient{
+		Lock: sync.RWMutex{},
+		exec: func(_ context.Context, op string) (string, error) {
+			calls = append(calls, op)
+			if strings.TrimSpace(op) == commitStr {
+				return "", errors.New("commit failed")
+			}
+			return "<ok/>", nil
+		},
+	}
+
+	applyGroupsList = []string{"b", "a"}
+	err := client.SendCommit()
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected commit error")
+	}
+
+	if len(calls) < 3 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected apply-groups, commit, discard operations, got %d", len(calls))
+	}
+	if strings.TrimSpace(calls[len(calls)-1]) != discardChanges {
+		t.Fatalf("expected discard-changes after commit failure, got %q", calls[len(calls)-1])
+	}
+}
+
+// TestNewClientAllowsMissingSSHKeyPath verifies client creation tolerates unreadable key paths.
+func TestNewClientAllowsMissingSSHKeyPath(t *testing.T) {
+	client, err := NewClient("user", "", "/does/not/exist", "127.0.0.1", 830)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected no error for invalid ssh key path, got: %v", err)
+	}
+	if client == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected non-nil client")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestGoNCClientCloseNoop verifies Close preserves no-op behavior.
+func TestGoNCClientCloseNoop(t *testing.T) {
+	client := &GoNCClient{}
+	if err := client.Close(); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected nil close error, got: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestUpdateRawConfigMissingName verifies group name extraction failures are surfaced.
+func TestUpdateRawConfigMissingName(t *testing.T) {
+	client := newMockClient(&[]string{}, "<ok/>", nil)
+	_, err := client.updateRawConfig("group", "<configuration></configuration>", false)
+	if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "failed to extract") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected extract error, got: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestUpdateRawConfigIgnoresMissingDelete verifies initial group creation tolerates missing-group deletes.
+func TestUpdateRawConfigIgnoresMissingDelete(t *testing.T) {
+	calls := []string{}
+	client := &GoNCClient{
+		Lock: sync.RWMutex{},
+		exec: func(_ context.Context, op string) (string, error) {
+			calls = append(calls, op)
+			if strings.Contains(op, "operation=\"delete\"") {
+				return "", errors.New("multiple netconf errors: netconf error: application data-missing: statement not found")
+			}
+			return "<ok/>", nil
+		},
+	}
+
+	_, err := client.updateRawConfig("group", "<configuration><groups><name>group</name></groups></configuration>", false)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected missing delete to be ignored, got: %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(calls) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected delete then load calls, got %d", len(calls))
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendRawConfigCommitFlow verifies raw config load followed by commit.
+func TestSendRawConfigCommitFlow(t *testing.T) {
+	calls := []string{}
+	client := newMockClient(&calls, "<ok/>", nil)
+	applyGroupsList = nil
+
+	reply, err := client.sendRawConfig("<configuration><groups><name>z-group</name></groups></configuration>", true)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("sendRawConfig() returned error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if reply != "<ok/>" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected reply: %q", reply)
+	}
+	if len(calls) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected load and commit calls, got: %d", len(calls))
+	}
+	if strings.TrimSpace(calls[1]) != commitStr {
+		t.Fatalf("expected commit as second call, got %q", calls[1])
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendRawConfigMissingName verifies missing group names return an error.
+func TestSendRawConfigMissingName(t *testing.T) {
+	client := newMockClient(&[]string{}, "<ok/>", nil)
+	_, err := client.sendRawConfig("<configuration></configuration>", false)
+	if err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "failed to extract") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected extract error, got: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestReadRawGroupUsesGetConfigRPC verifies group reads use get-configuration RPC.
+func TestReadRawGroupUsesGetConfigRPC(t *testing.T) {
+	calls := []string{}
+	client := newMockClient(&calls, "<group/>", nil)
+
+	reply, err := client.readRawGroup("base-config")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("readRawGroup() returned error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if reply != "<group/>" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected reply: %q", reply)
+	}
+	if len(calls) != 1 || !strings.Contains(calls[0], "<get-configuration>") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected get-configuration call, got %#v", calls)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestMarshalGroupSuccessAndError verifies XML unmarshalling success and failure paths.
+func TestMarshalGroupSuccessAndError(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("success", func(t *testing.T) {
+		calls := []string{}
+		reply := `<configuration><groups><name>g1</name></groups></configuration>`
+		client := newMockClient(&calls, reply, nil)
+
+		var out struct {
+			XMLName xml.Name `xml:"configuration"`
+			Groups  struct {
+				Name string `xml:"name"`
+			} `xml:"groups"`
+		}
+
+		if err := client.MarshalGroup("g1", &out); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("MarshalGroup() returned error: %v", err)
+		}
+		if out.Groups.Name != "g1" {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected group name: %q", out.Groups.Name)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("invalid xml", func(t *testing.T) {
+		calls := []string{}
+		client := newMockClient(&calls, `<bad`, nil)
+		var out struct{}
+		if err := client.MarshalGroup("g1", &out); err == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("expected unmarshal error")
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// TestSendTransactionEmptyIDPathAndMarshalError verifies empty-ID path and marshal failures.
+func TestSendTransactionEmptyIDPathAndMarshalError(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("empty id uses raw path", func(t *testing.T) {
+		calls := []string{}
+		client := newMockClient(&calls, "<ok/>", nil)
+		applyGroupsList = nil
+
+		obj := struct {
+			XMLName xml.Name `xml:"configuration"`
+			Groups  struct {
+				Name string `xml:"name"`
+			} `xml:"groups"`
+		}{}
+		obj.Groups.Name = "group-a"
+
+		if err := client.SendTransaction("", obj, false); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("SendTransaction() error: %v", err)
+		}
+		if len(calls) != 1 || !strings.Contains(calls[0], "<load-configuration") {
+			t.Fatalf("expected single load-configuration call, got %#v", calls)
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("marshal error", func(t *testing.T) {
+		client := newMockClient(&[]string{}, "", nil)
+		obj := map[string]interface{}{"bad": make(chan int)}
+		if err := client.SendTransaction("", obj, false); err == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("expected marshal error")
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// TestApplyGroupsHelpersSortAndFilter verifies helper list sanitization and sorting.
+func TestApplyGroupsHelpersSortAndFilter(t *testing.T) {
+	applyGroupsList = nil
+	addToApplyGroupsList("b")
+	addToApplyGroupsList("")
+	addToApplyGroupsList("a")
+	sortApplyGroupsList()
+
+	if len(applyGroupsList) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected empty value to be filtered out, got %#v", applyGroupsList)
+	}
+	if applyGroupsList[0] != "a" || applyGroupsList[1] != "b" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected sorted list: %#v", applyGroupsList)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestPublicKeyFileErrorPaths verifies key loader failure paths.
+func TestPublicKeyFileErrorPaths(t *testing.T) {
+	if method := publicKeyFile("/does/not/exist"); method != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected nil auth method for missing file")
+	}
+
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	keyPath := filepath.Join(dir, "invalid.key")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(keyPath, []byte("not-a-key"), 0600); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to write key file: %v", err)
+	}
+	if method := publicKeyFile(keyPath); method != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected nil auth method for invalid key")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestNewClientDefaultPort verifies zero port maps to NETCONF default port.
+func TestNewClientDefaultPort(t *testing.T) {
+	client, err := NewClient("user", "pass", "", "127.0.0.1", 0)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("NewClient() error: %v", err)
+	}
+	gonc, ok := client.(*GoNCClient)
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatalf("expected *GoNCClient")
+	}
+	if gonc.port != defaultPort {
+		t.Fatalf("expected default port %d, got %d", defaultPort, gonc.port)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestExecuteWithoutMockReturnsDialError verifies network execution returns dial errors.
+func TestExecuteWithoutMockReturnsDialError(t *testing.T) {
+	client := &GoNCClient{
+		host:      "invalid-hostname-for-test",
+		port:      830,
+		sshConfig: &ssh.ClientConfig{HostKeyCallback: ssh.InsecureIgnoreHostKey()},
+	}
+
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 100*time.Millisecond)
+	defer cancel()
+
+	_, err := client.execute(ctx, "<rpc/>")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected network execute to fail")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestUpdateRawConfigCommitAndErrorBranches verifies update commit and error branches.
+func TestUpdateRawConfigCommitAndErrorBranches(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("commit true success", func(t *testing.T) {
+		calls := []string{}
+		client := newMockClient(&calls, "<ok/>", nil)
+		applyGroupsList = nil
+
+		reply, err := client.updateRawConfig("grp", "<configuration><groups><name>grp</name></groups></configuration>", true)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("updateRawConfig() error: %v", err)
+		}
+		if reply != "<ok/>" {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected reply: %q", reply)
+		}
+		if len(calls) != 3 {
+			t.Fatalf("expected 3 calls (delete, load, commit), got %d", len(calls))
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("delete error", func(t *testing.T) {
+		client := &GoNCClient{
+			Lock: sync.RWMutex{},
+			exec: func(_ context.Context, op string) (string, error) {
+				if strings.Contains(op, "operation=\"delete\"") {
+					return "", errors.New("delete failed")
+				}
+				return "<ok/>", nil
+			},
+		}
+		_, err := client.updateRawConfig("grp", "<configuration><groups><name>grp</name></groups></configuration>", false)
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("expected delete error")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("commit error", func(t *testing.T) {
+		client := &GoNCClient{
+			Lock: sync.RWMutex{},
+			exec: func(_ context.Context, op string) (string, error) {
+				if strings.TrimSpace(op) == commitStr {
+					return "", errors.New("commit failed")
+				}
+				return "<ok/>", nil
+			},
+		}
+		_, err := client.updateRawConfig("grp", "<configuration><groups><name>grp</name></groups></configuration>", true)
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("expected commit error")
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// TestDeleteConfigBranches verifies non-commit and commit-error delete behavior.
+func TestDeleteConfigBranches(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("without commit", func(t *testing.T) {
+		calls := []string{}
+		client := newMockClient(&calls, "<ok/>\n", nil)
+		reply, err := client.DeleteConfig("grp", false)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("DeleteConfig() error: %v", err)
+		}
+		if reply != "<ok/>" {
+			t.Fatalf("expected newline-stripped reply, got %q", reply)
+		}
+		if len(calls) != 1 {
+			t.Fatalf("expected single delete call, got %d", len(calls))
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("commit error", func(t *testing.T) {
+		client := &GoNCClient{
+			Lock: sync.RWMutex{},
+			exec: func(_ context.Context, op string) (string, error) {
+				if strings.TrimSpace(op) == commitStr {
+					return "", errors.New("commit failed")
+				}
+				return "<ok/>", nil
+			},
+		}
+		_, err := client.DeleteConfig("grp", true)
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("expected commit error")
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("missing group delete", func(t *testing.T) {
+		client := &GoNCClient{
+			Lock: sync.RWMutex{},
+			exec: func(_ context.Context, _ string) (string, error) {
+				return "", errors.New("netconf error: application data-missing: statement not found")
+			},
+		}
+
+		reply, err := client.DeleteConfig("grp", false)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("expected missing-group delete to be ignored, got: %v", err)
+		}
+		if reply != "<ok/>" {
+			t.Fatalf("expected synthetic ok reply, got %q", reply)
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// TestSendCommitSuccessAndApplyGroupError verifies commit success and apply-group RPC failure behavior.
+func TestSendCommitSuccessAndApplyGroupError(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("success", func(t *testing.T) {
+		calls := []string{}
+		client := newMockClient(&calls, "<ok/>", nil)
+		applyGroupsList = []string{"z", "", "a"}
+
+		if err := client.SendCommit(); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("SendCommit() error: %v", err)
+		}
+		if len(calls) < 2 {
+			t.Fatalf("expected apply-group load then commit calls, got %d", len(calls))
+		}
+		if !strings.Contains(calls[0], "<apply-groups>a</apply-groups>") || !strings.Contains(calls[0], "<apply-groups>z</apply-groups>") {
+			t.Fatalf("expected sorted apply groups in RPC, got %q", calls[0])
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("apply-group load error", func(t *testing.T) {
+		client := &GoNCClient{
+			Lock: sync.RWMutex{},
+			exec: func(_ context.Context, op string) (string, error) {
+				if strings.Contains(op, "<load-configuration") {
+					return "", errors.New("load failed")
+				}
+				return "<ok/>", nil
+			},
+		}
+		applyGroupsList = []string{"x"}
+		if err := client.SendCommit(); err == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("expected sendApplyGroupsLocked error")
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// TestMarshalGroupReadError verifies read errors are propagated by MarshalGroup.
+func TestMarshalGroupReadError(t *testing.T) {
+	client := &GoNCClient{
+		Lock: sync.RWMutex{},
+		exec: func(_ context.Context, _ string) (string, error) {
+			return "", errors.New("read failed")
+		},
+	}
+	var out struct{}
+	if err := client.MarshalGroup("x", &out); err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected read error")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestSendRawConfigExecuteError verifies RPC execution errors are returned.
+func TestSendRawConfigExecuteError(t *testing.T) {
+	client := &GoNCClient{
+		Lock: sync.RWMutex{},
+		exec: func(_ context.Context, _ string) (string, error) {
+			return "", errors.New("rpc failed")
+		},
+	}
+	_, err := client.sendRawConfig("<configuration><groups><name>g</name></groups></configuration>", false)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected rpc error")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestNewClientWithValidSSHKey verifies SSH key auth path setup with a valid key.
+func TestNewClientWithValidSSHKey(t *testing.T) {
+	key, err := rsa.GenerateKey(rand.Reader, 1024)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed generating rsa key: %v", err)
+	}
+	keyDER := x509.MarshalPKCS1PrivateKey(key)
+	keyPEM := pem.EncodeToMemory(&pem.Block{Type: "RSA PRIVATE KEY", Bytes: keyDER})
+
+	keyPath := filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "id_rsa")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(keyPath, keyPEM, 0600); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed writing key: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	client, err := NewClient("user", "", keyPath, "127.0.0.1", 830)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("NewClient() error: %v", err)
+	}
+	gonc := client.(*GoNCClient)
+	if len(gonc.sshConfig.Auth) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected one auth method")
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+package netconf
+
+type Client interface {
+	Close() error
+	DeleteConfig(applyGroup string, commit bool) (string, error)
+	SendCommit() error
+	MarshalGroup(id string, obj interface{}) error
+	MarshalConfig(obj interface{}) error
+	SendTransaction(id string, obj interface{}, commit bool) error
+	SendDirectTransaction(obj interface{}, commit bool) error
+	SendUpdate(id string, diff string, commit bool) error
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,810 @@
+package patch
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// CC-10: Special characters in key values
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+func TestCC10_ParseSegment_KeyWithSlashes(t *testing.T) {
+	// Interface names like ge-0/0/0 are the common case — already inside brackets
+	tag, keyName, keyValue := parseSegment("interface[name=ge-0/0/0]")
+	if tag != "interface" || keyName != "name" || keyValue != "ge-0/0/0" {
+		t.Errorf("got tag=%q key=%q val=%q", tag, keyName, keyValue)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCC10_ParseSegment_KeyWithNestedBrackets(t *testing.T) {
+	// Policy name containing brackets: "ALLOW[ALL]"
+	tag, keyName, keyValue := parseSegment("policy[name=ALLOW[ALL]]")
+	if tag != "policy" {
+		t.Errorf("expected tag=policy, got %q", tag)
+	}
+	if keyName != "name" {
+		t.Errorf("expected keyName=name, got %q", keyName)
+	}
+	if keyValue != "ALLOW[ALL]" {
+		t.Errorf("expected keyValue=ALLOW[ALL], got %q", keyValue)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCC10_ParseSegment_KeyWithEquals(t *testing.T) {
+	// Route key containing equals: "prefix=10.0.0.0/8"
+	tag, keyName, keyValue := parseSegment("route[prefix=10.0.0.0/8]")
+	if tag != "route" || keyName != "prefix" || keyValue != "10.0.0.0/8" {
+		t.Errorf("got tag=%q key=%q val=%q", tag, keyName, keyValue)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCC10_SplitPath_KeyWithSlashes(t *testing.T) {
+	// Verify path splitting handles keys with slashes correctly
+	path := "interfaces/interface[name=ge-0/0/0]/unit[name=0]/description"
+	segments := splitPathRespectingQuotes(path)
+	expected := []string{"interfaces", "interface[name=ge-0/0/0]", "unit[name=0]", "description"}
+	if len(segments) != len(expected) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected %d segments, got %d: %v", len(expected), len(segments), segments)
+	}
+	for i, seg := range segments {
+		if seg != expected[i] {
+			t.Errorf("segment[%d]: expected %q got %q", i, expected[i], seg)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// CC-5: Container delete coalescing
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// CC-5 schema covers system/ntp with two list-entries and a leaf-list
+const cc5Schema = `{
+  "path": "",
+  "root": {
+    "children": [
+      {
+        "name": "configuration",
+        "type": "container",
+        "path": "",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "name": "system",
+            "type": "container",
+            "path": "",
+            "children": [
+              {
+                "name": "host-name",
+                "type": "leaf",
+                "path": "system",
+                "leaf-type": "string"
+              },
+              {
+                "name": "ntp",
+                "type": "container",
+                "path": "system",
+                "children": [
+                  {
+                    "name": "server",
+                    "type": "list",
+                    "path": "system/ntp",
+                    "key": "name",
+                    "children": [
+                      {
+                        "name": "name",
+                        "type": "leaf",
+                        "path": "system/ntp/server",
+                        "leaf-type": "string"
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "name": "routing-instance",
+                        "type": "leaf",
+                        "path": "system/ntp/server",
+                        "leaf-type": "string"
+                      }
+                    ]
+                  },
+                  {
+                    "name": "trusted-key",
+                    "type": "leaf-list",
+                    "path": "system/ntp",
+                    "leaf-type": "string"
+                  }
+                ]
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    ]
+  }
+}`
+
+func TestCC5_ContainerDeleteCoalescing(t *testing.T) {
+	// When ALL children of a container are deleted, the patch should ideally
+	// emit a single container-level delete. Currently, the engine emits
+	// individual per-leaf deletes.
+
+	stateXML := `<configuration>
+  <system>
+    <host-name>router1</host-name>
+    <ntp>
+      <server><name>10.0.0.1</name><routing-instance>mgmt</routing-instance></server>
+      <server><name>10.0.0.2</name><routing-instance>mgmt</routing-instance></server>
+      <trusted-key>1</trusted-key>
+      <trusted-key>2</trusted-key>
+    </ntp>
+  </system>
+</configuration>`
+
+	// Plan: ntp entirely removed, host-name stays
+	planXML := `<configuration>
+  <system>
+    <host-name>router1</host-name>
+  </system>
+</configuration>`
+
+	idx := mustIdxFromSchema(t, cc5Schema)
+
+	stateTree, err := BuildTree([]byte(stateXML))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	planTree, err := BuildTree([]byte(planXML))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(stateTree, idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(planTree, idx)
+	diffMap := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	if len(diffMap) == 0 {
+		t.Fatal("expected non-empty diff")
+	}
+
+	// Use schema-aware patch (with container coalescing)
+	patchBytes, err := CreateDiffPatchWithSchema(diffMap, "", idx)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	output := string(patchBytes)
+	t.Logf("CC-5 patch output:\n%s", output)
+
+	// Verify: the patch should contain a single container-level delete for ntp
+	if !strings.Contains(output, "delete") {
+		t.Error("expected delete operations in patch output")
+	}
+
+	// Check that host-name is NOT deleted (it's in both state and plan)
+	if strings.Contains(output, "host-name") {
+		t.Error("host-name should not appear in patch (unchanged)")
+	}
+
+	// Track whether coalescing is happening
+	if strings.Contains(output, `<ntp nc:operation="delete"`) {
+		t.Log("CC-5 PASSED: Container-level delete coalescing IS implemented")
+	} else {
+		t.Error("CC-5 FAILED: Expected container-level delete coalescing")
+		// Verify that at least all ntp entries are being deleted
+		if !strings.Contains(output, "server") && !strings.Contains(output, "trusted-key") {
+			t.Error("expected server or trusted-key deletes")
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// CC-2: Empty leaf toggle (disable / vlan-tagging)
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+const cc2Schema = `{
+  "path": "",
+  "root": {
+    "children": [
+      {
+        "name": "configuration",
+        "type": "container",
+        "path": "",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "name": "interfaces",
+            "type": "container",
+            "path": "",
+            "children": [
+              {
+                "name": "interface",
+                "type": "list",
+                "path": "interfaces",
+                "key": "name",
+                "children": [
+                  {
+                    "name": "name",
+                    "type": "leaf",
+                    "path": "interfaces/interface",
+                    "leaf-type": "string"
+                  },
+                  {
+                    "name": "disable",
+                    "type": "leaf",
+                    "path": "interfaces/interface",
+                    "leaf-type": "empty"
+                  },
+                  {
+                    "name": "vlan-tagging",
+                    "type": "leaf",
+                    "path": "interfaces/interface",
+                    "leaf-type": "empty"
+                  },
+                  {
+                    "name": "description",
+                    "type": "leaf",
+                    "path": "interfaces/interface",
+                    "leaf-type": "string"
+                  }
+                ]
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    ]
+  }
+}`
+
+func TestCC2_EmptyLeafCreate(t *testing.T) {
+	// Add disable to an interface that doesn't have it
+	stateXML := `<configuration>
+  <interfaces>
+    <interface>
+      <name>ge-0/0/0</name>
+      <description>uplink</description>
+    </interface>
+  </interfaces>
+</configuration>`
+
+	planXML := `<configuration>
+  <interfaces>
+    <interface>
+      <name>ge-0/0/0</name>
+      <description>uplink</description>
+      <disable/>
+    </interface>
+  </interfaces>
+</configuration>`
+
+	idx := mustIdxFromSchema(t, cc2Schema)
+
+	stateTree, _ := BuildTree([]byte(stateXML))
+	planTree, _ := BuildTree([]byte(planXML))
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(stateTree, idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(planTree, idx)
+
+	// Verify the leaf map correctly represents the empty leaf
+	disableKey := ""
+	for k, v := range planMap {
+		if strings.HasSuffix(k, "/disable") {
+			disableKey = k
+			t.Logf("planMap disable: %q = %q", k, v)
+		}
+	}
+	if disableKey == "" {
+		t.Fatal("disable leaf not found in plan map")
+	}
+
+	// State should NOT have disable
+	for k := range stateMap {
+		if strings.HasSuffix(k, "/disable") {
+			t.Fatal("disable should not be in state map")
+		}
+	}
+
+	diffMap := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+	patchBytes, err := CreateDiffPatch(diffMap, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	output := string(patchBytes)
+	t.Logf("CC-2 create output:\n%s", output)
+
+	if !strings.Contains(output, "disable") {
+		t.Error("expected disable in patch output")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(output, `nc:operation="create"`) {
+		t.Error("expected create operation for disable")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCC2_EmptyLeafDelete(t *testing.T) {
+	// Remove disable from an interface
+	stateXML := `<configuration>
+  <interfaces>
+    <interface>
+      <name>ge-0/0/0</name>
+      <description>uplink</description>
+      <disable/>
+    </interface>
+  </interfaces>
+</configuration>`
+
+	planXML := `<configuration>
+  <interfaces>
+    <interface>
+      <name>ge-0/0/0</name>
+      <description>uplink</description>
+    </interface>
+  </interfaces>
+</configuration>`
+
+	idx := mustIdxFromSchema(t, cc2Schema)
+
+	stateTree, _ := BuildTree([]byte(stateXML))
+	planTree, _ := BuildTree([]byte(planXML))
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(stateTree, idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(planTree, idx)
+
+	// State SHOULD have disable
+	found := false
+	for k := range stateMap {
+		if strings.HasSuffix(k, "/disable") {
+			found = true
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if !found {
+		t.Fatal("disable should be in state map")
+	}
+
+	diffMap := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+	patchBytes, err := CreateDiffPatch(diffMap, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	output := string(patchBytes)
+	t.Logf("CC-2 delete output:\n%s", output)
+
+	if !strings.Contains(output, "disable") {
+		t.Error("expected disable in patch output")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(output, `nc:operation="delete"`) {
+		t.Error("expected delete operation for disable")
+	}
+	// Empty leaf delete should NOT have text content
+	if strings.Contains(output, `<disable nc:operation="delete">`) {
+		// Check if there's text between tags
+		if strings.Contains(output, `<disable nc:operation="delete"></disable>`) {
+			t.Log("CC-2 NOTE: empty tags (OK)")
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// CC-3: Leaf-list full replacement vs incremental
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+func TestCC3_LeafListBulkChange(t *testing.T) {
+	// Community members change from [A, B, C] to [A, D, E]
+	stateXML := `<configuration>
+  <policy-options>
+    <community>
+      <name>OC-STD</name>
+      <members>65000:100</members>
+      <members>65000:200</members>
+      <members>65000:300</members>
+    </community>
+  </policy-options>
+</configuration>`
+
+	planXML := `<configuration>
+  <policy-options>
+    <community>
+      <name>OC-STD</name>
+      <members>65000:100</members>
+      <members>65000:400</members>
+      <members>65000:500</members>
+    </community>
+  </policy-options>
+</configuration>`
+
+	idx := mustIdxFromSchema(t, matrixSchema)
+
+	stateTree, _ := BuildTree([]byte(stateXML))
+	planTree, _ := BuildTree([]byte(planXML))
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(stateTree, idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(planTree, idx)
+	diffMap := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	patchBytes, err := CreateDiffPatch(diffMap, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	output := string(patchBytes)
+	t.Logf("CC-3 leaf-list bulk change output:\n%s", output)
+
+	// Verify: 65000:200 and 65000:300 should be deleted, 65000:400 and 65000:500 created
+	if !strings.Contains(output, "65000:200") {
+		t.Error("expected 65000:200 delete")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(output, "65000:300") {
+		t.Error("expected 65000:300 delete")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(output, "65000:400") {
+		t.Error("expected 65000:400 create")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(output, "65000:500") {
+		t.Error("expected 65000:500 create")
+	}
+	// 65000:100 should NOT appear (unchanged)
+	if strings.Contains(output, "65000:100") {
+		t.Error("65000:100 should not be in patch (unchanged)")
+	}
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// CC-1: Ordered leaf-list reorder detection
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+const cc1Schema = `{
+  "path": "",
+  "root": {
+    "children": [
+      {
+        "name": "configuration",
+        "type": "container",
+        "path": "",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "name": "interfaces",
+            "type": "container",
+            "path": "",
+            "children": [
+              {
+                "name": "interface",
+                "type": "list",
+                "path": "interfaces",
+                "key": "name",
+                "children": [
+                  {
+                    "name": "name",
+                    "type": "leaf",
+                    "path": "interfaces/interface",
+                    "leaf-type": "string"
+                  },
+                  {
+                    "name": "unit",
+                    "type": "list",
+                    "path": "interfaces/interface",
+                    "key": "name",
+                    "children": [
+                      {
+                        "name": "name",
+                        "type": "leaf",
+                        "path": "interfaces/interface/unit",
+                        "leaf-type": "string"
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "name": "family",
+                        "type": "container",
+                        "path": "interfaces/interface/unit",
+                        "children": [
+                          {
+                            "name": "inet",
+                            "type": "container",
+                            "path": "interfaces/interface/unit/family",
+                            "children": [
+                              {
+                                "name": "address",
+                                "type": "list",
+                                "path": "interfaces/interface/unit/family/inet",
+                                "key": "name",
+                                "children": [
+                                  {
+                                    "name": "name",
+                                    "type": "leaf",
+                                    "path": "interfaces/interface/unit/family/inet/address",
+                                    "leaf-type": "string"
+                                  },
+                                  {
+                                    "name": "vrrp-group",
+                                    "type": "list",
+                                    "path": "interfaces/interface/unit/family/inet/address",
+                                    "key": "name",
+                                    "children": [
+                                      {
+                                        "name": "name",
+                                        "type": "leaf",
+                                        "path": "interfaces/interface/unit/family/inet/address/vrrp-group",
+                                        "leaf-type": "string"
+                                      },
+                                      {
+                                        "name": "virtual-address",
+                                        "type": "leaf-list",
+                                        "path": "interfaces/interface/unit/family/inet/address/vrrp-group",
+                                        "leaf-type": "string",
+                                        "ordered-by": "user"
+                                      },
+                                      {
+                                        "name": "priority",
+                                        "type": "leaf",
+                                        "path": "interfaces/interface/unit/family/inet/address/vrrp-group",
+                                        "leaf-type": "string"
+                                      }
+                                    ]
+                                  }
+                                ]
+                              }
+                            ]
+                          }
+                        ]
+                      }
+                    ]
+                  }
+                ]
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    ]
+  }
+}`
+
+func TestCC1_OrderedLeafListReorder(t *testing.T) {
+	// VRRP virtual-address is ordered-by user — reorder should be detected
+	stateXML := `<configuration>
+  <interfaces>
+    <interface>
+      <name>ge-0/0/0</name>
+      <unit>
+        <name>0</name>
+        <family>
+          <inet>
+            <address>
+              <name>10.0.0.1/24</name>
+              <vrrp-group>
+                <name>1</name>
+                <virtual-address>10.0.0.10</virtual-address>
+                <virtual-address>10.0.0.20</virtual-address>
+                <priority>200</priority>
+              </vrrp-group>
+            </address>
+          </inet>
+        </family>
+      </unit>
+    </interface>
+  </interfaces>
+</configuration>`
+
+	// Reorder: swap virtual-address order
+	planXML := `<configuration>
+  <interfaces>
+    <interface>
+      <name>ge-0/0/0</name>
+      <unit>
+        <name>0</name>
+        <family>
+          <inet>
+            <address>
+              <name>10.0.0.1/24</name>
+              <vrrp-group>
+                <name>1</name>
+                <virtual-address>10.0.0.20</virtual-address>
+                <virtual-address>10.0.0.10</virtual-address>
+                <priority>200</priority>
+              </vrrp-group>
+            </address>
+          </inet>
+        </family>
+      </unit>
+    </interface>
+  </interfaces>
+</configuration>`
+
+	idx := mustIdxFromSchema(t, cc1Schema)
+
+	stateTree, _ := BuildTree([]byte(stateXML))
+	planTree, _ := BuildTree([]byte(planXML))
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(stateTree, idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(planTree, idx)
+
+	t.Logf("State map entries:")
+	for k, v := range stateMap {
+		if strings.Contains(k, "virtual") {
+			t.Logf("  %s = %q", k, v)
+		}
+	}
+	t.Logf("Plan map entries:")
+	for k, v := range planMap {
+		if strings.Contains(k, "virtual") {
+			t.Logf("  %s = %q", k, v)
+		}
+	}
+
+	diffMap := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	if len(diffMap) == 0 {
+		t.Log("CC-1 CONFIRMED: Reorder produces EMPTY diff (order not tracked)")
+		t.Log("CC-1 STATUS: NOT COVERED — ordered leaf-lists need position-aware diff")
+	} else {
+		t.Logf("CC-1 diff has %d entries — reorder IS detected", len(diffMap))
+		for k, v := range diffMap {
+			t.Logf("  %s: op=%d old=%q new=%q", k, v.Op, v.OldVal, v.NewVal)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// CC-4: Nested list entry addition with mandatory leaves
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+func TestCC4_NestedListEntryCreation(t *testing.T) {
+	// Add a completely new interface with nested unit/family/address
+	stateXML := `<configuration>
+  <interfaces>
+    <interface>
+      <name>ge-0/0/0</name>
+      <description>existing</description>
+    </interface>
+  </interfaces>
+</configuration>`
+
+	planXML := `<configuration>
+  <interfaces>
+    <interface>
+      <name>ge-0/0/0</name>
+      <description>existing</description>
+    </interface>
+    <interface>
+      <name>ge-0/0/1</name>
+      <description>new-link</description>
+    </interface>
+  </interfaces>
+</configuration>`
+
+	idx := mustIdxFromSchema(t, matrixSchema)
+
+	stateTree, _ := BuildTree([]byte(stateXML))
+	planTree, _ := BuildTree([]byte(planXML))
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(stateTree, idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(planTree, idx)
+	diffMap := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	patchBytes, err := CreateDiffPatch(diffMap, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	output := string(patchBytes)
+	t.Logf("CC-4 nested list entry output:\n%s", output)
+
+	// New interface should have create operation on parent
+	if !strings.Contains(output, "ge-0/0/1") {
+		t.Error("expected ge-0/0/1 in output")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(output, "new-link") {
+		t.Error("expected description new-link in output")
+	}
+	// Verify the new entry has the create operation
+	if !strings.Contains(output, "create") {
+		t.Error("expected create operation for new list entry")
+	}
+	// Existing interface should NOT appear (unchanged)
+	if strings.Contains(output, "ge-0/0/0") {
+		t.Error("ge-0/0/0 should not be in patch (unchanged)")
+	}
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// CC-6: UTF-8 normalization
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+func TestCC6_UTF8DiffNoFalsePositive(t *testing.T) {
+	// State and plan both have em-dash — should produce no diff
+	stateXML := `<configuration>
+  <interfaces>
+    <interface>
+      <name>ge-0/0/0</name>
+      <description>Uplink — Core Router</description>
+    </interface>
+  </interfaces>
+</configuration>`
+
+	planXML := `<configuration>
+  <interfaces>
+    <interface>
+      <name>ge-0/0/0</name>
+      <description>Uplink — Core Router</description>
+    </interface>
+  </interfaces>
+</configuration>`
+
+	idx := mustIdxFromSchema(t, matrixSchema)
+
+	stateTree, _ := BuildTree([]byte(stateXML))
+	planTree, _ := BuildTree([]byte(planXML))
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(stateTree, idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(planTree, idx)
+	diffMap := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	if len(diffMap) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("CC-6: Expected empty diff for identical UTF-8 content, got %d entries", len(diffMap))
+		for k, v := range diffMap {
+			t.Logf("  %s: op=%d old=%q new=%q", k, v.Op, v.OldVal, v.NewVal)
+		}
+	} else {
+		t.Log("CC-6 PASSED: Identical UTF-8 strings produce no diff")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCC6_UTF8DiffWithEncodingVariation(t *testing.T) {
+	// Simulate encoding variation: em-dash as &#x2014; vs UTF-8 literal
+	stateXML := `<configuration>
+  <interfaces>
+    <interface>
+      <name>ge-0/0/0</name>
+      <description>Uplink &#x2014; Core</description>
+    </interface>
+  </interfaces>
+</configuration>`
+
+	planXML := `<configuration>
+  <interfaces>
+    <interface>
+      <name>ge-0/0/0</name>
+      <description>Uplink — Core</description>
+    </interface>
+  </interfaces>
+</configuration>`
+
+	idx := mustIdxFromSchema(t, matrixSchema)
+
+	stateTree, _ := BuildTree([]byte(stateXML))
+	planTree, _ := BuildTree([]byte(planXML))
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(stateTree, idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(planTree, idx)
+	diffMap := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	if len(diffMap) == 0 {
+		t.Log("CC-6 PASSED: XML entity reference (&#x2014;) and literal em-dash produce same string after XML decode — no false diff")
+	} else {
+		t.Log("CC-6 NOTE: XML entity vs literal character produces diff (may need normalization)")
+		for k, v := range diffMap {
+			t.Logf("  %s: op=%d old=%q new=%q", k, v.Op, v.OldVal, v.NewVal)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestCC6_DoubleEncodedUTF8Repair(t *testing.T) {
+	// Simulate the actual double-encoding seen on vpaa: em-dash bytes
+	// misinterpreted as Latin-1 and re-encoded to UTF-8
+	// Original: "Uplink — Core" (em-dash U+2014 = E2 80 94 in UTF-8)
+	// Double-encoded: each byte treated as Latin-1 code point:
+	//   E2 → U+00E2 (â) → C3 A2
+	//   80 → U+0080     → C2 80
+	//   94 → U+0094     → C2 94
+	doubleEncoded := "Uplink \u00e2\u0080\u0094 Core" // This is what double-encoding produces
+	original := "Uplink \xe2\x80\x94 Core"            // Em-dash as UTF-8 bytes (but stored as string — same as —)
+
+	// Using NormalizeLeafMapUTF8 to repair
+	m := map[string]string{"test": doubleEncoded}
+	normalized := NormalizeLeafMapUTF8(m)
+
+	if normalized["test"] == original {
+		t.Log("CC-6 PASSED: Double-encoded UTF-8 repaired to original")
+	} else {
+		t.Logf("CC-6 FAILED: normalized=%q expected=%q", normalized["test"], original)
+		t.Logf("  double-encoded bytes: %x", []byte(doubleEncoded))
+		t.Logf("  original bytes: %x", []byte(original))
+		t.Logf("  normalized bytes: %x", []byte(normalized["test"]))
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+package patch
+
+import (
+	"unicode/utf8"
+)
+
+// NormalizeLeafMapUTF8 creates a copy of the leaf map with all string values
+// sanitized: double-encoded UTF-8 sequences (where UTF-8 bytes were
+// misinterpreted as Latin-1 and re-encoded) are repaired back to their
+// original form. This prevents false diffs caused by encoding round-trip
+// issues between Junos NETCONF responses and Go's xml.Marshal/Unmarshal.
+func NormalizeLeafMapUTF8(m map[string]string) map[string]string {
+	result := make(map[string]string, len(m))
+	for k, v := range m {
+		result[k] = repairDoubleEncodedUTF8(v)
+	}
+	return result
+}
+
+// repairDoubleEncodedUTF8 detects and repairs strings where UTF-8 bytes were
+// misinterpreted as Latin-1 (ISO-8859-1) and then re-encoded to UTF-8.
+// For example, em-dash U+2014 (UTF-8: E2 80 94) becomes "â\x80\x94"
+// when double-encoded. This function reverses that transformation.
+func repairDoubleEncodedUTF8(s string) string {
+	// Quick check: if the string contains any rune in the C2-F4 range
+	// (UTF-8 lead bytes when misread as Latin-1 code points), it might
+	// be double-encoded.  Also check for control chars (0x80-0x9F) which
+	// appear as raw runes when UTF-8 continuation bytes are misread.
+	hasDoubleEncodeSignal := false
+	for _, r := range s {
+		if (r >= 0x80 && r <= 0x9F) || (r >= 0xC0 && r <= 0xF4) {
+			hasDoubleEncodeSignal = true
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if !hasDoubleEncodeSignal {
+		return s
+	}
+
+	// Try to decode: treat each rune as a byte value (Latin-1 → byte)
+	// and see if the resulting byte sequence is valid UTF-8
+	bytes := make([]byte, 0, len(s))
+	for _, r := range s {
+		if r > 0xFF {
+			// Rune above Latin-1 range — not double-encoded
+			return s
+		}
+		bytes = append(bytes, byte(r))
+	}
+
+	if utf8.Valid(bytes) {
+		repaired := string(bytes)
+		// Sanity check: repaired string should be shorter (fewer bytes)
+		if len(repaired) < len(s) {
+			return repaired
+		}
+	}
+
+	return s
+}
+
+// ComputeDiff compares stateMap (what is currently on the device) with
+// planMap (what Terraform wants it to be) and returns a map of leaf paths
+// to their required CRUD operation.
+//
+// Rules:
+//   - Path in state only               → Delete  (remove it from the device)
+//   - Path in both, values differ      → Replace (update the existing value)
+//   - Path in plan only                → Create  (add new leaf to the device)
+//   - Path in both, values identical   → omitted (no change needed)
+func ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap map[string]string) map[string]Change {
+	diff := make(map[string]Change)
+
+	// First pass: iterate state — find deletions and replacements
+	for path, stateVal := range stateMap {
+		if planVal, exists := planMap[path]; !exists {
+			diff[path] = Change{Op: Delete, OldVal: stateVal, NewVal: ""}
+		} else if planVal != stateVal {
+			diff[path] = Change{Op: Replace, OldVal: stateVal, NewVal: planVal}
+		}
+		// Values match — no change, do not add to diff
+	}
+
+	// Second pass: iterate plan — find creations
+	for path, planVal := range planMap {
+		if _, exists := stateMap[path]; !exists {
+			diff[path] = Change{Op: Create, OldVal: "", NewVal: planVal}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return diff
+}
+
+type DebugChange struct {
+	Path   string
+	Op     ChangeType
+	OldVal string
+	NewVal string
+}
+
+func DebugSortedChanges(diffMap map[string]Change) []DebugChange {
+	ordered := orderedChanges(diffMap)
+	result := make([]DebugChange, 0, len(ordered))
+	for _, entry := range ordered {
+		result = append(result, DebugChange{
+			Path:   entry.path,
+			Op:     entry.change.Op,
+			OldVal: entry.change.OldVal,
+			NewVal: entry.change.NewVal,
+		})
+	}
+	return result
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,280 @@
+package patch
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// junosListKeys contains the YANG list key element names common in Junos.
+// "name" covers ~95% of cases (interfaces, units, BGP groups, policies, etc.).
+// "id" and "type" handle a small number of edge-case list definitions.
+var junosListKeys = map[string]bool{
+	"name": true,
+	"id":   true,
+	"type": true,
+}
+
+// LeafMapWithSchema flattens an XML tree using schema-derived list keys and
+// node kinds from trimmed_schema metadata.
+//
+// Behavior:
+//   - list identity is derived from schema list key (not hardcoded key names)
+//   - leaf-list entries are represented as distinct set elements by appending
+//     [value=<text>] to the path segment, enabling add/remove diff semantics
+//   - key leaf children are excluded from emitted leaves
+func LeafMapWithSchema(root *Node, idx map[string]*NodeInfo) map[string]string {
+	result := make(map[string]string)
+	leafMapRecurseWithSchema(root, "", result, idx)
+	return result
+}
+
+func leafMapRecurseWithSchema(node *Node, parentPath string, result map[string]string, idx map[string]*NodeInfo) {
+	schemaPath := outputPathToSchemaPath(parentPath)
+	segment := buildSegmentWithSchema(node, schemaPath, idx)
+
+	currentPath := segment
+	if parentPath != "" {
+		currentPath = parentPath + "/" + segment
+	}
+
+	if len(node.Children) == 0 {
+		// Skip empty containers/lists — they have no leaf content to diff.
+		// Only emit actual leaves (YANG "empty" type like <any/>, <notice/>
+		// or regular text leaves).
+		leafSchemaPath := outputPathToSchemaPath(currentPath)
+		if info, ok := idx[leafSchemaPath]; ok {
+			if info.Kind == KindContainer || info.Kind == KindList {
+				return
+			}
+			if info.Kind == KindLeafList {
+				currentPath = currentPath + fmt.Sprintf("[value=%s]", node.Text)
+			}
+		} else if node.Text == "" {
+			// Element not in schema and has no text — likely an empty
+			// container or unrecognised element; skip it.
+			return
+		}
+
+		result[currentPath] = node.Text
+		return
+	}
+
+	if keyPath, keyValue, ok := structuralKeyedListLeaf(node, currentPath, idx); ok {
+		result[keyPath] = keyValue
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Process ALL children including key children.  Key leaves must appear
+	// in the leaf map so ComputeDiff can detect new/removed list entries
+	// (where the key leaf is the diff signal for entry-level operations).
+	//
+	// For ordered-by-user leaf-lists, track position per leaf-list tag so that
+	// reordering produces Replace diffs rather than being invisible.
+	orderedCounters := make(map[string]int) // tag -> next position
+	for _, child := range node.Children {
+		childSchemaPath := outputPathToSchemaPath(currentPath + "/" + child.Tag)
+		if info, ok := idx[childSchemaPath]; ok && info.Kind == KindLeafList && info.OrderedByUser {
+			pos := orderedCounters[child.Tag]
+			orderedCounters[child.Tag] = pos + 1
+			// Emit positional key: path[pos=N] = value
+			posPath := currentPath + "/" + child.Tag + fmt.Sprintf("[pos=%d]", pos)
+			result[posPath] = child.Text
+			continue
+		}
+		leafMapRecurseWithSchema(child, currentPath, result, idx)
+	}
+}
+
+func structuralKeyedListLeaf(node *Node, currentPath string, idx map[string]*NodeInfo) (string, string, bool) {
+	schemaPath := outputPathToSchemaPath(currentPath)
+	info, ok := idx[schemaPath]
+	if !ok || info.Kind != KindList || info.ListKey == "" {
+		return "", "", false
+	}
+
+	// Compound keys (e.g. "choice-ident choice-value community-name") have
+	// non-key structural children that must be preserved in the leaf map;
+	// the structural shortcut cannot be used.
+	if strings.Contains(info.ListKey, " ") {
+		return "", "", false
+	}
+
+	keyValue := keyedListValue(node, info.ListKey)
+	if keyValue == "" || subtreeHasMaterialLeaves(node, currentPath, idx) {
+		return "", "", false
+	}
+
+	return currentPath + "/" + info.ListKey, keyValue, true
+}
+
+func keyedListValue(node *Node, keyName string) string {
+	for _, keyPart := range strings.Fields(keyName) {
+		for _, child := range node.Children {
+			if child.Tag == keyPart && child.Text != "" {
+				return child.Text
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return ""
+}
+
+func subtreeHasMaterialLeaves(node *Node, currentPath string, idx map[string]*NodeInfo) bool {
+	for _, child := range node.Children {
+		if isKeyChildWithSchema(child, node, currentPath, idx) {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		schemaPath := outputPathToSchemaPath(currentPath)
+		segment := buildSegmentWithSchema(child, schemaPath, idx)
+		childPath := segment
+		if currentPath != "" {
+			childPath = currentPath + "/" + segment
+		}
+
+		// A non-key child that is a list entry is material even if its only
+		// descendant is its own key — nested list entries are real content.
+		childSchemaPath := outputPathToSchemaPath(childPath)
+		if info, ok := idx[childSchemaPath]; ok && info.Kind == KindList {
+			return true
+		}
+
+		if len(child.Children) == 0 {
+			// Even empty elements (YANG type "empty") represent material
+			// config knobs; their presence prevents key-only early return.
+			return true
+		}
+
+		if subtreeHasMaterialLeaves(child, childPath, idx) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
+func buildSegmentWithSchema(node *Node, parentSchemaPath string, idx map[string]*NodeInfo) string {
+	currentSchemaPath := joinPath(parentSchemaPath, node.Tag)
+	if info, ok := idx[currentSchemaPath]; ok && info.Kind == KindList && info.ListKey != "" {
+		// Handle compound keys (space-separated) — try each part.
+		for _, keyPart := range strings.Fields(info.ListKey) {
+			for _, child := range node.Children {
+				if child.Tag == keyPart && child.Text != "" {
+					return fmt.Sprintf("%s[%s=%s]", node.Tag, keyPart, child.Text)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return buildSegment(node)
+}
+
+func isKeyChildWithSchema(child, parent *Node, parentOutputPath string, idx map[string]*NodeInfo) bool {
+	parentSchemaPath := outputPathToSchemaPath(parentOutputPath)
+	if info, ok := idx[parentSchemaPath]; ok && info.Kind == KindList && info.ListKey != "" {
+		for _, keyPart := range strings.Fields(info.ListKey) {
+			if child.Tag == keyPart {
+				return true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
+func outputPathToSchemaPath(p string) string {
+	if p == "" {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	segs := splitPathRespectingQuotes(p)
+	out := make([]string, 0, len(segs))
+	for i, seg := range segs {
+		tag, _, _ := parseSegment(seg)
+
+		if i == 0 && tag == "configuration" {
+			continue
+		}
+		if len(out) == 0 && tag == "groups" {
+			continue
+		}
+		if len(out) == 0 && tag == "name" {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if tag != "" {
+			out = append(out, tag)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return strings.Join(out, "/")
+}
+
+// LeafMap flattens a *Node tree into a map of XPath-style paths to leaf text
+// values. Only nodes with no children (true leaves) and non-empty text are
+// included. Keyed list entries encode the key in the path segment so siblings
+// with different keys are kept distinct:
+//
+//	interfaces/interface[name=ge-0/0/0]/unit[name=0]/description → "uplink"
+//
+// Key elements themselves (e.g. <name>ge-0/0/0</name>) are NOT emitted as
+// separate entries — they are encoded in the parent segment and cannot be
+// independently patched (changing a key requires delete + create).
+func LeafMap(root *Node) map[string]string {
+	result := make(map[string]string)
+	leafMapRecurse(root, "", result)
+	return result
+}
+
+func leafMapRecurse(node *Node, parentPath string, result map[string]string) {
+	segment := buildSegment(node)
+
+	var currentPath string
+	if parentPath == "" {
+		currentPath = segment
+	} else {
+		currentPath = parentPath + "/" + segment
+	}
+
+	// Leaf node — record it and stop recursing
+	if len(node.Children) == 0 {
+		if node.Text != "" {
+			result[currentPath] = node.Text
+		}
+		return
+	}
+
+	for _, child := range node.Children {
+		// Skip the key child — it is already encoded in the current segment.
+		// Emitting it separately would create spurious "delete key" operations
+		// whenever an ancestor list entry is modified.
+		if isKeyChild(child, node) {
+			continue
+		}
+		leafMapRecurse(child, currentPath, result)
+	}
+}
+
+// buildSegment returns "tag" for plain elements and "tag[keyName=keyValue]"
+// for Junos YANG list entries whose first child is a recognised key element.
+func buildSegment(node *Node) string {
+	if len(node.Children) > 0 {
+		first := node.Children[0]
+		if junosListKeys[first.Tag] && first.Text != "" {
+			return fmt.Sprintf("%s[%s=%s]", node.Tag, first.Tag, first.Text)
+		}
+	}
+	return node.Tag
+}
+
+// isKeyChild returns true when child is the key element of a YANG list entry.
+// The convention in Junos-generated XML is that the key is always the first
+// child of the list element, so we check both position and tag name.
+func isKeyChild(child, parent *Node) bool {
+	if len(parent.Children) == 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+	return junosListKeys[child.Tag] &&
+		parent.Children[0] == child &&
+		child.Text != ""
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,914 @@
+package patch
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// matrixSchema covers all four YANG node types needed by the test matrix:
+//   - container:  system, interfaces, policy-options, chassis, services
+//   - list:       interface (key=name), unit (key=name), host (key=name), contents (key=name)
+//   - leaf:       host-name, description, device-count, etc.
+//   - leaf-list:  members
+const matrixSchema = `{
+  "path": "",
+  "root": {
+    "children": [
+      {
+        "name": "configuration",
+        "type": "container",
+        "path": "",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "name": "system",
+            "type": "container",
+            "path": "",
+            "children": [
+              {
+                "name": "host-name",
+                "type": "leaf",
+                "path": "system",
+                "leaf-type": "string"
+              },
+              {
+                "name": "syslog",
+                "type": "container",
+                "path": "system",
+                "children": [
+                  {
+                    "name": "host",
+                    "type": "list",
+                    "path": "system/syslog",
+                    "key": "name",
+                    "children": [
+                      {
+                        "name": "name",
+                        "type": "leaf",
+                        "path": "system/syslog/host",
+                        "leaf-type": "string"
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "name": "contents",
+                        "type": "list",
+                        "path": "system/syslog/host",
+                        "key": "name",
+                        "children": [
+                          {
+                            "name": "name",
+                            "type": "leaf",
+                            "path": "system/syslog/host/contents",
+                            "leaf-type": "string"
+                          },
+                          {
+                            "name": "any",
+                            "type": "leaf",
+                            "path": "system/syslog/host/contents",
+                            "leaf-type": "empty"
+                          },
+                          {
+                            "name": "notice",
+                            "type": "leaf",
+                            "path": "system/syslog/host/contents",
+                            "leaf-type": "empty"
+                          }
+                        ]
+                      }
+                    ]
+                  }
+                ]
+              },
+              {
+                "name": "services",
+                "type": "container",
+                "path": "system",
+                "children": [
+                  {
+                    "name": "ssh",
+                    "type": "container",
+                    "path": "system/services",
+                    "children": []
+                  }
+                ]
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "interfaces",
+            "type": "container",
+            "path": "",
+            "children": [
+              {
+                "name": "interface",
+                "type": "list",
+                "path": "interfaces",
+                "key": "name",
+                "children": [
+                  {
+                    "name": "name",
+                    "type": "leaf",
+                    "path": "interfaces/interface",
+                    "leaf-type": "string"
+                  },
+                  {
+                    "name": "description",
+                    "type": "leaf",
+                    "path": "interfaces/interface",
+                    "leaf-type": "string"
+                  },
+                  {
+                    "name": "unit",
+                    "type": "list",
+                    "path": "interfaces/interface",
+                    "key": "name",
+                    "children": [
+                      {
+                        "name": "name",
+                        "type": "leaf",
+                        "path": "interfaces/interface/unit",
+                        "leaf-type": "string"
+                      },
+                      {
+                        "name": "description",
+                        "type": "leaf",
+                        "path": "interfaces/interface/unit",
+                        "leaf-type": "string"
+                      }
+                    ]
+                  }
+                ]
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "policy-options",
+            "type": "container",
+            "path": "",
+            "children": [
+              {
+                "name": "community",
+                "type": "list",
+                "path": "policy-options",
+                "key": "name",
+                "children": [
+                  {
+                    "name": "name",
+                    "type": "leaf",
+                    "path": "policy-options/community",
+                    "leaf-type": "string"
+                  },
+                  {
+                    "name": "members",
+                    "type": "leaf-list",
+                    "path": "policy-options/community",
+                    "leaf-type": "string"
+                  }
+                ]
+              }
+            ]
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "chassis",
+            "type": "container",
+            "path": "",
+            "children": [
+              {
+                "name": "aggregated-devices",
+                "type": "container",
+                "path": "chassis",
+                "children": [
+                  {
+                    "name": "ethernet",
+                    "type": "container",
+                    "path": "chassis/aggregated-devices",
+                    "children": [
+                      {
+                        "name": "device-count",
+                        "type": "leaf",
+                        "path": "chassis/aggregated-devices/ethernet",
+                        "leaf-type": "string"
+                      }
+                    ]
+                  }
+                ]
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    ]
+  }
+}`
+
+func matrixIdx(t *testing.T) map[string]*NodeInfo {
+	t.Helper()
+	return mustIdxFromSchema(t, matrixSchema)
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// 2.1 Leaf Operations
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// L1 — Create leaf: add host-name to empty system container
+func TestL1_CreateLeaf(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	stateXML := `<configuration><system></system></configuration>`
+	planXML := `<configuration><system><host-name>router1</host-name></system></configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	if len(diff) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 diff entry, got %d: %v", len(diff), diff)
+	}
+
+	key := "configuration/system/host-name"
+	ch, ok := diff[key]
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatalf("expected diff key %s, got %v", key, diff)
+	}
+	if ch.Op != Create {
+		t.Fatalf("expected Create, got %v", ch.Op)
+	}
+	if ch.NewVal != "router1" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected NewVal=router1, got %q", ch.NewVal)
+	}
+
+	patch, err := CreateDiffPatch(diff, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	patchStr := string(patch)
+	if !strings.Contains(patchStr, `nc:operation="create"`) {
+		t.Fatalf("patch missing create operation:\n%s", patchStr)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(patchStr, ">router1<") {
+		t.Fatalf("patch missing value router1:\n%s", patchStr)
+	}
+}
+
+// L2 — Replace leaf: change host-name value
+func TestL2_ReplaceLeaf(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	stateXML := `<configuration><system><host-name>router1</host-name></system></configuration>`
+	planXML := `<configuration><system><host-name>router2</host-name></system></configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	if len(diff) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 diff entry, got %d", len(diff))
+	}
+
+	key := "configuration/system/host-name"
+	ch := diff[key]
+	if ch.Op != Replace {
+		t.Fatalf("expected Replace, got %v", ch.Op)
+	}
+	if ch.OldVal != "router1" || ch.NewVal != "router2" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected router1->router2, got %q->%q", ch.OldVal, ch.NewVal)
+	}
+
+	patch, err := CreateDiffPatch(diff, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(string(patch), `nc:operation="replace"`) {
+		t.Fatalf("patch missing replace operation:\n%s", string(patch))
+	}
+}
+
+// L3 — Delete leaf: remove description from interface
+func TestL3_DeleteLeaf(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	stateXML := `<configuration><interfaces><interface><name>ge-0/0/0</name><description>uplink</description></interface></interfaces></configuration>`
+	planXML := `<configuration><interfaces><interface><name>ge-0/0/0</name></interface></interfaces></configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	if len(diff) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 diff entry, got %d: %v", len(diff), diff)
+	}
+
+	key := "configuration/interfaces/interface[name=ge-0/0/0]/description"
+	ch, ok := diff[key]
+	if !ok {
+		// Dump all keys for debugging
+		for k := range diff {
+			t.Logf("diff key: %s", k)
+		}
+		t.Fatalf("expected diff key %s", key)
+	}
+	if ch.Op != Delete {
+		t.Fatalf("expected Delete, got %v", ch.Op)
+	}
+
+	patch, err := CreateDiffPatch(diff, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(string(patch), `nc:operation="delete"`) {
+		t.Fatalf("patch missing delete operation:\n%s", string(patch))
+	}
+}
+
+// L4 — Replace leaf with XML special characters
+func TestL4_ReplaceLeafSpecialChars(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	stateXML := `<configuration><interfaces><interface><name>ge-0/0/0</name><description>old</description></interface></interfaces></configuration>`
+	planXML := `<configuration><interfaces><interface><name>ge-0/0/0</name><description>x&amp;y&lt;z&gt;w</description></interface></interfaces></configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	if len(diff) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 diff entry, got %d", len(diff))
+	}
+
+	ch := diff["configuration/interfaces/interface[name=ge-0/0/0]/description"]
+	if ch.Op != Replace {
+		t.Fatalf("expected Replace, got %v", ch.Op)
+	}
+	// After XML parsing, the value should be the un-escaped form
+	if ch.NewVal != "x&y<z>w" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected un-escaped value x&y<z>w, got %q", ch.NewVal)
+	}
+
+	patch, err := CreateDiffPatch(diff, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	patchStr := string(patch)
+	// The output XML must re-escape the special chars
+	if !strings.Contains(patchStr, "&amp;") {
+		t.Fatalf("patch missing &amp; escape:\n%s", patchStr)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(patchStr, "&lt;") {
+		t.Fatalf("patch missing &lt; escape:\n%s", patchStr)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(patchStr, "&gt;") {
+		t.Fatalf("patch missing &gt; escape:\n%s", patchStr)
+	}
+}
+
+// L6 — No-op: same value produces empty diff
+func TestL6_ReplaceLeafNoOp(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	xml := `<configuration><system><host-name>r1</host-name></system></configuration>`
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, xml), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, xml), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	if len(diff) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected empty diff for identical config, got %d entries: %v", len(diff), diff)
+	}
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// 2.2 Leaf-List Operations
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// LL1 — Add entry to leaf-list
+func TestLL1_AddLeafListEntry(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	stateXML := `<configuration><policy-options><community><name>my-comm</name><members>target:65000:100</members></community></policy-options></configuration>`
+	planXML := `<configuration><policy-options><community><name>my-comm</name><members>target:65000:100</members><members>target:65000:200</members></community></policy-options></configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	if len(diff) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 diff entry, got %d: %v", len(diff), diff)
+	}
+
+	for path, ch := range diff {
+		if ch.Op != Create {
+			t.Errorf("expected Create, got %v for %s", ch.Op, path)
+		}
+		if !strings.Contains(path, "members[value=target:65000:200]") {
+			t.Errorf("unexpected path: %s", path)
+		}
+	}
+
+	patch, err := CreateDiffPatch(diff, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	patchStr := string(patch)
+	if !strings.Contains(patchStr, `nc:operation="create"`) {
+		t.Errorf("patch missing create operation:\n%s", patchStr)
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(patchStr, "target:65000:200") {
+		t.Errorf("patch missing new member value:\n%s", patchStr)
+	}
+}
+
+// LL2 — Remove entry from leaf-list
+func TestLL2_RemoveLeafListEntry(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	stateXML := `<configuration><policy-options><community><name>my-comm</name><members>target:65000:100</members><members>target:65000:200</members></community></policy-options></configuration>`
+	planXML := `<configuration><policy-options><community><name>my-comm</name><members>target:65000:100</members></community></policy-options></configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	if len(diff) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 diff, got %d: %v", len(diff), diff)
+	}
+
+	for path, ch := range diff {
+		if ch.Op != Delete {
+			t.Errorf("expected Delete, got %v for %s", ch.Op, path)
+		}
+		if !strings.Contains(path, "members[value=target:65000:200]") {
+			t.Errorf("unexpected path: %s", path)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// LL3 — Replace entry in leaf-list (delete old + create new)
+func TestLL3_ReplaceLeafListEntry(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	stateXML := `<configuration><policy-options><community><name>my-comm</name><members>a</members><members>b</members></community></policy-options></configuration>`
+	planXML := `<configuration><policy-options><community><name>my-comm</name><members>a</members><members>c</members></community></policy-options></configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	if len(diff) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 2 diff entries (delete b + create c), got %d: %v", len(diff), diff)
+	}
+
+	deletePath := "configuration/policy-options/community[name=my-comm]/members[value=b]"
+	createPath := "configuration/policy-options/community[name=my-comm]/members[value=c]"
+	if ch, ok := diff[deletePath]; !ok || ch.Op != Delete {
+		t.Fatalf("expected Delete for %s, got %v", deletePath, diff)
+	}
+	if ch, ok := diff[createPath]; !ok || ch.Op != Create {
+		t.Fatalf("expected Create for %s, got %v", createPath, diff)
+	}
+}
+
+// LL4 — Reorder leaf-list produces no diff (set semantics)
+func TestLL4_ReorderLeafListNoOp(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	stateXML := `<configuration><policy-options><community><name>my-comm</name><members>b</members><members>a</members></community></policy-options></configuration>`
+	planXML := `<configuration><policy-options><community><name>my-comm</name><members>a</members><members>b</members></community></policy-options></configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	if len(diff) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected empty diff for reordered leaf-list, got %d: %v", len(diff), diff)
+	}
+}
+
+// LL5 — Delete all leaf-list entries
+func TestLL5_DeleteAllLeafListEntries(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	stateXML := `<configuration><policy-options><community><name>my-comm</name><members>a</members><members>b</members></community></policy-options></configuration>`
+	planXML := `<configuration><policy-options><community><name>my-comm</name></community></policy-options></configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	if len(diff) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 2 deletes, got %d: %v", len(diff), diff)
+	}
+
+	for _, ch := range diff {
+		if ch.Op != Delete {
+			t.Errorf("expected Delete, got %v", ch.Op)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// LL6 — Create leaf-list from scratch
+func TestLL6_CreateLeafListFromScratch(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	stateXML := `<configuration><policy-options><community><name>my-comm</name></community></policy-options></configuration>`
+	planXML := `<configuration><policy-options><community><name>my-comm</name><members>x</members><members>y</members></community></policy-options></configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	if len(diff) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 2 creates, got %d: %v", len(diff), diff)
+	}
+
+	for _, ch := range diff {
+		if ch.Op != Create {
+			t.Errorf("expected Create, got %v", ch.Op)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// 2.3 List Operations
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// K1 — Add new list entry
+func TestK1_AddListEntry(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	stateXML := `<configuration><interfaces><interface><name>ge-0/0/0</name><description>uplink</description></interface></interfaces></configuration>`
+	planXML := `<configuration><interfaces><interface><name>ge-0/0/0</name><description>uplink</description></interface><interface><name>ge-0/0/1</name><description>downlink</description></interface></interfaces></configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	// New entry creates: name (promoted to entry operation) + description
+	if len(diff) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 2 diff entries for new list entry, got %d: %v", len(diff), diff)
+	}
+
+	for _, ch := range diff {
+		if ch.Op != Create {
+			t.Errorf("expected Create, got %v", ch.Op)
+		}
+	}
+
+	patch, err := CreateDiffPatch(diff, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	patchStr := string(patch)
+	// The key leaf create should promote nc:operation to the parent <interface>
+	if !strings.Contains(patchStr, `interface nc:operation="create"`) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected nc:operation on interface entry, got:\n%s", patchStr)
+	}
+}
+
+// K2 — Delete list entry
+func TestK2_DeleteListEntry(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	stateXML := `<configuration><interfaces><interface><name>ge-0/0/0</name><description>uplink</description></interface><interface><name>ge-0/0/1</name><description>downlink</description></interface></interfaces></configuration>`
+	planXML := `<configuration><interfaces><interface><name>ge-0/0/0</name><description>uplink</description></interface></interfaces></configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	for _, ch := range diff {
+		if ch.Op != Delete {
+			t.Errorf("expected Delete, got %v", ch.Op)
+		}
+	}
+
+	patch, err := CreateDiffPatch(diff, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	patchStr := string(patch)
+	if !strings.Contains(patchStr, `interface nc:operation="delete"`) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected nc:operation on interface entry, got:\n%s", patchStr)
+	}
+}
+
+// K3 — Rename list key (delete old + create new)
+func TestK3_RenameListKey(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	stateXML := `<configuration><interfaces><interface><name>ge-0/0/0</name><description>link</description></interface></interfaces></configuration>`
+	planXML := `<configuration><interfaces><interface><name>ge-0/0/1</name><description>link</description></interface></interfaces></configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	// Should produce deletes for old entry + creates for new entry
+	hasDelete := false
+	hasCreate := false
+	for _, ch := range diff {
+		if ch.Op == Delete {
+			hasDelete = true
+		}
+		if ch.Op == Create {
+			hasCreate = true
+		}
+	}
+	if !hasDelete || !hasCreate {
+		t.Fatalf("expected both Delete and Create for key rename, got: %v", diff)
+	}
+}
+
+// K4 — Modify leaf inside list entry
+func TestK4_ModifyLeafInListEntry(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	stateXML := `<configuration><interfaces><interface><name>ge-0/0/0</name><unit><name>0</name><description>old</description></unit></interface></interfaces></configuration>`
+	planXML := `<configuration><interfaces><interface><name>ge-0/0/0</name><unit><name>0</name><description>new</description></unit></interface></interfaces></configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	if len(diff) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 diff, got %d: %v", len(diff), diff)
+	}
+
+	key := "configuration/interfaces/interface[name=ge-0/0/0]/unit[name=0]/description"
+	ch, ok := diff[key]
+	if !ok {
+		for k := range diff {
+			t.Logf("diff key: %s", k)
+		}
+		t.Fatalf("expected diff key %s", key)
+	}
+	if ch.Op != Replace {
+		t.Fatalf("expected Replace, got %v", ch.Op)
+	}
+}
+
+// K5 — Add leaf inside existing list entry
+func TestK5_AddLeafInListEntry(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	stateXML := `<configuration><interfaces><interface><name>ge-0/0/0</name><unit><name>0</name></unit></interface></interfaces></configuration>`
+	planXML := `<configuration><interfaces><interface><name>ge-0/0/0</name><unit><name>0</name><description>new</description></unit></interface></interfaces></configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	if len(diff) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 diff, got %d: %v", len(diff), diff)
+	}
+
+	for _, ch := range diff {
+		if ch.Op != Create {
+			t.Errorf("expected Create, got %v", ch.Op)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// K6 — Delete leaf inside list entry
+func TestK6_DeleteLeafInListEntry(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	stateXML := `<configuration><interfaces><interface><name>ge-0/0/0</name><unit><name>0</name><description>old</description></unit></interface></interfaces></configuration>`
+	planXML := `<configuration><interfaces><interface><name>ge-0/0/0</name><unit><name>0</name></unit></interface></interfaces></configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	if len(diff) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 diff, got %d: %v", len(diff), diff)
+	}
+
+	for _, ch := range diff {
+		if ch.Op != Delete {
+			t.Errorf("expected Delete, got %v", ch.Op)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// K8 — Add entry in nested list (host/contents)
+func TestK8_AddNestedListEntry(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	stateXML := `<configuration><system><syslog><host><name>log</name><contents><name>any</name><notice/></contents></host></syslog></system></configuration>`
+	planXML := `<configuration><system><syslog><host><name>log</name><contents><name>any</name><notice/></contents><contents><name>kernel</name><any/></contents></host></syslog></system></configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	// New contents entry: name (key, promoted) + any (empty leaf)
+	hasCreate := false
+	for _, ch := range diff {
+		if ch.Op == Create {
+			hasCreate = true
+		}
+	}
+	if !hasCreate {
+		t.Fatalf("expected Create operations for new nested list entry, got: %v", diff)
+	}
+}
+
+// K10 — Key-only list entry (structural)
+func TestK10_KeyOnlyListEntry(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	stateXML := `<configuration><system><syslog></syslog></system></configuration>`
+	planXML := `<configuration><system><syslog><host><name>log</name></host></syslog></system></configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	if len(diff) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 diff for key-only entry, got %d: %v", len(diff), diff)
+	}
+
+	key := "configuration/system/syslog/host[name=log]/name"
+	ch, ok := diff[key]
+	if !ok {
+		for k := range diff {
+			t.Logf("diff key: %s", k)
+		}
+		t.Fatalf("expected diff key %s", key)
+	}
+	if ch.Op != Create {
+		t.Fatalf("expected Create, got %v", ch.Op)
+	}
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// 2.4 Container Operations
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// C1 — Create container with children
+func TestC1_CreateContainer(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	stateXML := `<configuration></configuration>`
+	planXML := `<configuration><chassis><aggregated-devices><ethernet><device-count>24</device-count></ethernet></aggregated-devices></chassis></configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	if len(diff) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 Create for device-count leaf, got %d: %v", len(diff), diff)
+	}
+
+	for _, ch := range diff {
+		if ch.Op != Create {
+			t.Errorf("expected Create, got %v", ch.Op)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// C3 — Empty presence container (e.g., <ssh/>)
+func TestC3_EmptyContainer(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	stateXML := `<configuration><system><services></services></system></configuration>`
+	planXML := `<configuration><system><services><ssh/></services></system></configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	// An empty container like <ssh/> has no text and no children, so it
+	// produces no leaf map entries. The diff should be empty because
+	// LeafMapWithSchema only tracks leaf values.
+	// This is a known limitation: presence containers need special handling.
+	// For now, verify the leaf maps are consistent.
+	t.Logf("state map: %v", stateMap)
+	t.Logf("plan map:  %v", planMap)
+	t.Logf("diff:      %v", diff)
+
+	// Both maps should be empty (no leaves under services or ssh)
+	// This documents the current behavior — empty containers don't produce diffs.
+	// The provider handles this via the full-config SendDirectTransaction path.
+}
+
+// C5 — Modify children within container
+func TestC5_ModifyChildrenInContainer(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	stateXML := `<configuration><system><host-name>old</host-name></system></configuration>`
+	planXML := `<configuration><system><host-name>new</host-name></system></configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	if len(diff) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 Replace, got %d: %v", len(diff), diff)
+	}
+
+	ch := diff["configuration/system/host-name"]
+	if ch.Op != Replace {
+		t.Fatalf("expected Replace, got %v", ch.Op)
+	}
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// 2.5 Compound / Cross-Type Operations
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// M1 — Mixed operations: replace + create + delete in one diff
+func TestM1_MixedOperations(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	stateXML := `<configuration>
+  <system><host-name>r1</host-name></system>
+  <interfaces>
+    <interface><name>ge-0/0/0</name><description>old-desc</description></interface>
+  </interfaces>
+  <policy-options>
+    <community><name>comm1</name><members>target:65000:100</members><members>target:65000:300</members></community>
+  </policy-options>
+</configuration>`
+
+	planXML := `<configuration>
+  <system><host-name>r2</host-name></system>
+  <interfaces>
+    <interface><name>ge-0/0/0</name><description>old-desc</description></interface>
+    <interface><name>ge-0/0/2</name><description>new-link</description></interface>
+  </interfaces>
+  <policy-options>
+    <community><name>comm1</name><members>target:65000:100</members></community>
+  </policy-options>
+</configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	// Expected changes:
+	// 1. Replace system/host-name r1 -> r2
+	// 2. Delete members[value=target:65000:300]
+	// 3. Create interface[name=ge-0/0/2]/name (promoted)
+	// 4. Create interface[name=ge-0/0/2]/description
+	hasReplace := false
+	hasDelete := false
+	hasCreate := false
+	for _, ch := range diff {
+		switch ch.Op {
+		case Replace:
+			hasReplace = true
+		case Delete:
+			hasDelete = true
+		case Create:
+			hasCreate = true
+		}
+	}
+	if !hasReplace || !hasDelete || !hasCreate {
+		t.Fatalf("expected Replace+Delete+Create, got: %v", diff)
+	}
+
+	// Verify ordering: deletes first, then replacements, then creates
+	patch, err := CreateDiffPatch(diff, "")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	patchStr := string(patch)
+
+	deleteIdx := strings.Index(patchStr, `"delete"`)
+	replaceIdx := strings.Index(patchStr, `"replace"`)
+	createIdx := strings.Index(patchStr, `"create"`)
+
+	if deleteIdx < 0 || replaceIdx < 0 || createIdx < 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("patch missing expected operations:\n%s", patchStr)
+	}
+
+	if deleteIdx > replaceIdx {
+		t.Errorf("delete should come before replace in patch output")
+	}
+	if replaceIdx > createIdx {
+		t.Errorf("replace should come before create in patch output")
+	}
+}
+
+// M2 — Deep nesting: 4+ levels (system/syslog/host/contents/notice)
+func TestM2_DeepNesting(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	stateXML := `<configuration><system><syslog><host><name>log</name><contents><name>any</name></contents></host></syslog></system></configuration>`
+	planXML := `<configuration><system><syslog><host><name>log</name><contents><name>any</name><notice/></contents></host></syslog></system></configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	// The <notice/> is an empty leaf, so in LeafMapWithSchema it may or may
+	// not produce a leaf map entry (depends on how empty leaves are handled).
+	t.Logf("state map: %v", stateMap)
+	t.Logf("plan map:  %v", planMap)
+	t.Logf("diff: %v", diff)
+
+	// At minimum, the key-only entries should be consistent
+	stateKey := "configuration/system/syslog/host[name=log]/contents[name=any]/name"
+	if _, ok := stateMap[stateKey]; ok {
+		// If contents has children beyond key, key should not be in map
+		t.Logf("contents key is in state map (structural key behavior)")
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+package patch
+
+import "sort"
+
+// AlignXMLOrderToReference reorders current XML siblings to follow the order in
+// the reference XML where possible, while keeping a deterministic fallback
+// ordering for entries absent from the reference.
+func AlignXMLOrderToReference(currentXML []byte, referenceXML []byte, idx map[string]*NodeInfo) ([]byte, error) {
+	currentTree, err := BuildTree(currentXML)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	var referenceTree *Node
+	if len(referenceXML) > 0 {
+		referenceTree, err = BuildTree(referenceXML)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	alignNodeOrder(currentTree, referenceSiblingOrders(referenceTree, idx), idx, currentTree.Tag)
+	return marshalNodeTree(currentTree)
+}
+
+func alignNodeOrder(node *Node, ref map[string]map[string]int, idx map[string]*NodeInfo, instancePath string) {
+	if len(node.Children) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	referenceOrder := ref[instancePath]
+
+	sort.SliceStable(node.Children, func(i, j int) bool {
+		left := childSortKey(node.Children[i], instancePath, referenceOrder, idx)
+		right := childSortKey(node.Children[j], instancePath, referenceOrder, idx)
+
+		if left.hasReference != right.hasReference {
+			return left.hasReference
+		}
+		if left.referenceRank != right.referenceRank {
+			return left.referenceRank < right.referenceRank
+		}
+		if left.tag != right.tag {
+			return left.tag < right.tag
+		}
+		if left.identity != right.identity {
+			return left.identity < right.identity
+		}
+		return left.text < right.text
+	})
+
+	for _, child := range node.Children {
+		childInstance := instanceIdentity(child, instancePath, idx)
+		alignNodeOrder(child, ref, idx, childInstance)
+	}
+}
+
+type sortKey struct {
+	hasReference  bool
+	referenceRank int
+	tag           string
+	identity      string
+	text          string
+}
+
+func childSortKey(child *Node, parentInstancePath string, referenceOrder map[string]int, idx map[string]*NodeInfo) sortKey {
+	identity := nodeIdentity(child, parentInstancePath, idx)
+	rank, ok := referenceOrder[identity]
+	if !ok {
+		rank = 1 << 30
+	}
+
+	return sortKey{
+		hasReference:  ok,
+		referenceRank: rank,
+		tag:           child.Tag,
+		identity:      identity,
+		text:          child.Text,
+	}
+}
+
+func referenceSiblingOrders(root *Node, idx map[string]*NodeInfo) map[string]map[string]int {
+	orders := make(map[string]map[string]int)
+	if root == nil {
+		return orders
+	}
+
+	var walk func(node *Node, instancePath string)
+	walk = func(node *Node, instancePath string) {
+		if _, ok := orders[instancePath]; !ok {
+			orders[instancePath] = make(map[string]int)
+		}
+		for i, child := range node.Children {
+			identity := nodeIdentity(child, instancePath, idx)
+			if _, seen := orders[instancePath][identity]; !seen {
+				orders[instancePath][identity] = i
+			}
+			childInstance := instanceIdentity(child, instancePath, idx)
+			walk(child, childInstance)
+		}
+	}
+
+	walk(root, root.Tag)
+	return orders
+}
+
+// nodeIdentity returns a short identity string for sorting siblings under the
+// same parent.  It does NOT include the parent path.
+func nodeIdentity(node *Node, parentInstancePath string, idx map[string]*NodeInfo) string {
+	schPath := schemaPathFromInstance(parentInstancePath, node.Tag)
+	info := idx[schPath]
+	if info == nil {
+		if node.Text != "" {
+			return node.Tag + "=" + node.Text
+		}
+		return node.Tag
+	}
+
+	switch info.Kind {
+	case KindList:
+		keyVal := findKeyChild(node, info.ListKey)
+		if keyVal != "" {
+			return node.Tag + "[" + info.ListKey + "=" + keyVal + "]"
+		}
+	case KindLeafList:
+		return node.Tag + "[value=" + node.Text + "]"
+	}
+
+	if node.Text != "" {
+		return node.Tag + "=" + node.Text
+	}
+	return node.Tag
+}
+
+// instanceIdentity returns a full instance-aware path for a child node,
+// including keyed-list identity so that different list entries get distinct
+// ordering buckets.
+func instanceIdentity(child *Node, parentInstancePath string, idx map[string]*NodeInfo) string {
+	base := parentInstancePath + "/" + child.Tag
+	schPath := schemaPathFromInstance(parentInstancePath, child.Tag)
+	info := idx[schPath]
+	if info != nil && info.Kind == KindList && info.ListKey != "" {
+		keyVal := findKeyChild(child, info.ListKey)
+		if keyVal != "" {
+			return base + "[" + info.ListKey + "=" + keyVal + "]"
+		}
+	}
+	return base
+}
+
+// schemaPathFromInstance extracts the schema path for a child tag given an
+// instance-aware parent path.  It strips keyed-list predicates like
+// "host[name=log]" back to "host" so the result matches schema index keys.
+func schemaPathFromInstance(parentInstancePath string, childTag string) string {
+	return schemaPath(joinXMLPath(stripInstancePredicates(parentInstancePath), childTag))
+}
+
+// stripInstancePredicates removes [key=value] predicates from every segment
+// of an instance path, returning the plain XML element path.
+func stripInstancePredicates(path string) string {
+	var out []byte
+	inBracket := false
+	for i := 0; i < len(path); i++ {
+		if path[i] == '[' {
+			inBracket = true
+			continue
+		}
+		if path[i] == ']' {
+			inBracket = false
+			continue
+		}
+		if !inBracket {
+			out = append(out, path[i])
+		}
+	}
+	return string(out)
+}
+
+func joinXMLPath(parentPath string, tag string) string {
+	if parentPath == "" {
+		return tag
+	}
+	return parentPath + "/" + tag
+}
+
+func schemaPath(path string) string {
+	path = normalizePath(path)
+	if path == "configuration" {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return normalizePath(path)
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,265 @@
+package patch
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestAlignXMLOrderToReference_ReordersKeyedListsAndLeafLists(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := mustIdxFromSchema(t, testTrimmedSchema)
+	current := []byte(`<configuration>
+  <foo>
+    <members>c</members>
+    <members>a</members>
+    <item><address>10.0.0.2</address><value>beta</value></item>
+    <item><address>10.0.0.1</address><value>alpha</value></item>
+  </foo>
+</configuration>`)
+	reference := []byte(`<configuration>
+  <foo>
+    <item><address>10.0.0.1</address><value>alpha</value></item>
+    <item><address>10.0.0.2</address><value>beta</value></item>
+    <members>a</members>
+    <members>c</members>
+  </foo>
+</configuration>`)
+
+	aligned, err := AlignXMLOrderToReference(current, reference, idx)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("AlignXMLOrderToReference() error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	got := string(aligned)
+	if strings.Index(got, "10.0.0.1") > strings.Index(got, "10.0.0.2") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected keyed list entries to follow reference order, got %s", got)
+	}
+	if strings.Index(got, ">a</members>") > strings.Index(got, ">c</members>") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected leaf-list values to follow reference order, got %s", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAlignXMLOrderToReference_UsesDeterministicFallbackWhenReferenceEmpty(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := mustIdxFromSchema(t, testTrimmedSchema)
+	current := []byte(`<configuration>
+  <foo>
+    <item><address>10.0.0.2</address><value>beta</value></item>
+    <item><address>10.0.0.1</address><value>alpha</value></item>
+  </foo>
+</configuration>`)
+
+	aligned, err := AlignXMLOrderToReference(current, nil, idx)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("AlignXMLOrderToReference() error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	got := string(aligned)
+	if strings.Index(got, "10.0.0.1") > strings.Index(got, "10.0.0.2") {
+		t.Fatalf("expected deterministic fallback ordering by keyed identity, got %s", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Matrix Order Tests — O1-O6
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// O1 — Top-level list reorder: [B,A,C] → reference [A,B,C]
+func TestAlignOrder_TopLevelListReorder(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	current := []byte(`<configuration><interfaces>
+  <interface><name>ge-0/0/2</name><description>c</description></interface>
+  <interface><name>ge-0/0/0</name><description>a</description></interface>
+  <interface><name>ge-0/0/1</name><description>b</description></interface>
+</interfaces></configuration>`)
+
+	reference := []byte(`<configuration><interfaces>
+  <interface><name>ge-0/0/0</name><description>a</description></interface>
+  <interface><name>ge-0/0/1</name><description>b</description></interface>
+  <interface><name>ge-0/0/2</name><description>c</description></interface>
+</interfaces></configuration>`)
+
+	aligned, err := AlignXMLOrderToReference(current, reference, idx)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	got := string(aligned)
+
+	idx0 := strings.Index(got, "ge-0/0/0")
+	idx1 := strings.Index(got, "ge-0/0/1")
+	idx2 := strings.Index(got, "ge-0/0/2")
+	if idx0 > idx1 || idx1 > idx2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected order ge-0/0/0, ge-0/0/1, ge-0/0/2, got:\n%s", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// O2 — Nested list reorder: each parent entry has independent child ordering
+func TestAlignOrder_NestedListPerInstanceReorder(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := mustIdxFromSchema(t, testStructuralKeyTrimmedSchema)
+
+	current := []byte(`<configuration><system><syslog>
+  <file><name>security</name>
+    <contents><name>kernel</name><any/></contents>
+    <contents><name>interactive-commands</name><any/></contents>
+  </file>
+  <file><name>messages</name>
+    <contents><name>interactive-commands</name><any/></contents>
+    <contents><name>kernel</name><any/></contents>
+  </file>
+</syslog></system></configuration>`)
+
+	reference := []byte(`<configuration><system><syslog>
+  <file><name>security</name>
+    <contents><name>interactive-commands</name><any/></contents>
+    <contents><name>kernel</name><any/></contents>
+  </file>
+  <file><name>messages</name>
+    <contents><name>kernel</name><any/></contents>
+    <contents><name>interactive-commands</name><any/></contents>
+  </file>
+</syslog></system></configuration>`)
+
+	aligned, err := AlignXMLOrderToReference(current, reference, idx)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	got := string(aligned)
+
+	// Split output at "messages" to get the two file sections
+	msgIdx := strings.Index(got, "<name>messages</name>")
+	if msgIdx < 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected messages file in output:\n%s", got)
+	}
+	secSection := got[:msgIdx]
+	msgSection := got[msgIdx:]
+
+	// In file[security], interactive-commands should come before kernel
+	icIdx := strings.Index(secSection, "interactive-commands")
+	kerIdx := strings.Index(secSection, "kernel")
+	if icIdx < 0 || kerIdx < 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("file[security]: missing expected contents entries in:\n%s", secSection)
+	}
+	if icIdx > kerIdx {
+		t.Errorf("file[security]: expected interactive-commands before kernel, got:\n%s", secSection)
+	}
+
+	// In file[messages], kernel should come before interactive-commands
+	icIdx2 := strings.Index(msgSection, "interactive-commands")
+	kerIdx2 := strings.Index(msgSection, "kernel")
+	if icIdx2 < 0 || kerIdx2 < 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("file[messages]: missing expected contents entries in:\n%s", msgSection)
+	}
+	if kerIdx2 > icIdx2 {
+		t.Errorf("file[messages]: expected kernel before interactive-commands, got:\n%s", msgSection)
+	}
+}
+
+// O3 — Extra entries in current (not in reference) sort after reference entries
+func TestAlignOrder_ExtraEntriesInCurrent(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	current := []byte(`<configuration><interfaces>
+  <interface><name>ge-0/0/3</name><description>extra-d</description></interface>
+  <interface><name>ge-0/0/1</name><description>b</description></interface>
+  <interface><name>ge-0/0/0</name><description>a</description></interface>
+  <interface><name>ge-0/0/2</name><description>extra-c</description></interface>
+</interfaces></configuration>`)
+
+	reference := []byte(`<configuration><interfaces>
+  <interface><name>ge-0/0/1</name><description>b</description></interface>
+  <interface><name>ge-0/0/0</name><description>a</description></interface>
+</interfaces></configuration>`)
+
+	aligned, err := AlignXMLOrderToReference(current, reference, idx)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	got := string(aligned)
+
+	// Reference entries first in ref order: ge-0/0/1, ge-0/0/0
+	// Then extras sorted deterministically: ge-0/0/2, ge-0/0/3
+	idx1 := strings.Index(got, "ge-0/0/1")
+	idx0 := strings.Index(got, "ge-0/0/0")
+	idx2 := strings.Index(got, "ge-0/0/2")
+	idx3 := strings.Index(got, "ge-0/0/3")
+
+	if idx1 > idx0 {
+		t.Errorf("expected ge-0/0/1 before ge-0/0/0 (reference order), got:\n%s", got)
+	}
+	if idx0 > idx2 || idx0 > idx3 {
+		t.Errorf("expected reference entries before extras, got:\n%s", got)
+	}
+}
+
+// O4 — Missing entry in current (reference has entry current lacks)
+func TestAlignOrder_MissingEntryInCurrent(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	current := []byte(`<configuration><interfaces>
+  <interface><name>ge-0/0/2</name><description>c</description></interface>
+  <interface><name>ge-0/0/0</name><description>a</description></interface>
+</interfaces></configuration>`)
+
+	reference := []byte(`<configuration><interfaces>
+  <interface><name>ge-0/0/0</name><description>a</description></interface>
+  <interface><name>ge-0/0/1</name><description>b</description></interface>
+  <interface><name>ge-0/0/2</name><description>c</description></interface>
+</interfaces></configuration>`)
+
+	aligned, err := AlignXMLOrderToReference(current, reference, idx)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	got := string(aligned)
+
+	// ge-0/0/0 should come before ge-0/0/2 (respecting reference order)
+	idx0 := strings.Index(got, "ge-0/0/0")
+	idx2 := strings.Index(got, "ge-0/0/2")
+	if idx0 > idx2 {
+		t.Errorf("expected ge-0/0/0 before ge-0/0/2, got:\n%s", got)
+	}
+	// Missing ge-0/0/1 should not crash or appear
+	if strings.Contains(got, "ge-0/0/1") {
+		t.Errorf("missing reference entry ge-0/0/1 should not appear in output")
+	}
+}
+
+// O5 — Leaf-list reorder produces no diff (set semantics via LeafMapWithSchema)
+func TestAlignOrder_LeafListSetSemantics(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	stateXML := `<configuration><policy-options><community><name>comm</name><members>b</members><members>a</members></community></policy-options></configuration>`
+	planXML := `<configuration><policy-options><community><name>comm</name><members>a</members><members>b</members></community></policy-options></configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	if len(diff) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("leaf-list reorder should produce empty diff (set semantics), got %d: %v", len(diff), diff)
+	}
+}
+
+// O6 — Empty reference: deterministic fallback by identity
+func TestAlignOrder_EmptyReference(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := matrixIdx(t)
+
+	current := []byte(`<configuration><interfaces>
+  <interface><name>ge-0/0/2</name><description>c</description></interface>
+  <interface><name>ge-0/0/0</name><description>a</description></interface>
+  <interface><name>ge-0/0/1</name><description>b</description></interface>
+</interfaces></configuration>`)
+
+	aligned, err := AlignXMLOrderToReference(current, nil, idx)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	got := string(aligned)
+
+	// With empty reference, should sort by key identity: ge-0/0/0, ge-0/0/1, ge-0/0/2
+	idx0 := strings.Index(got, "ge-0/0/0")
+	idx1 := strings.Index(got, "ge-0/0/1")
+	idx2 := strings.Index(got, "ge-0/0/2")
+	if idx0 > idx1 || idx1 > idx2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected deterministic fallback order ge-0/0/0, ge-0/0/1, ge-0/0/2, got:\n%s", got)
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,411 @@
+package patch
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// CreateDiffPatch builds the Junos NETCONF <configuration> XML body from the
+// diff map, targeting base configuration paths directly.
+//
+// The nc:operation attributes written here reference the xmlns:nc declaration
+// that sendNetconfPatch places on the enclosing <config> element — no
+// additional namespace declaration is required in this output.
+//
+// Example output for a single Replace:
+//
+//	<configuration>
+//	  <interfaces>
+//	    <interface>
+//	      <name>ge-0/0/0</name>
+//	      <unit>
+//	        <name>0</name>
+//	        <description nc:operation="replace">new-desc</description>
+//	      </unit>
+//	    </interface>
+//	  </interfaces>
+//	</configuration>
+func CreateDiffPatch(diffMap map[string]Change, groupName string) ([]byte, error) {
+	return CreateDiffPatchWithSchema(diffMap, groupName, nil)
+}
+
+// CreateDiffPatchWithSchema is like CreateDiffPatch but accepts a schema index
+// for container delete coalescing.  When idx is non-nil and ALL leaves under a
+// schema container are being deleted (with no creates or replaces), they are
+// coalesced into a single container-level nc:operation="delete".
+func CreateDiffPatchWithSchema(diffMap map[string]Change, groupName string, idx map[string]*NodeInfo) ([]byte, error) {
+	_ = groupName
+
+	// Pre-pass: coalesce container deletes when schema is available.
+	if idx != nil {
+		diffMap = coalesceContainerDeletes(diffMap, idx)
+	}
+
+	// Root of the output tree
+	root := &Node{Tag: "configuration"}
+
+	type pendingLeaf struct {
+		parent  *Node
+		tag     string
+		keyName string
+		change  Change
+	}
+
+	ordered := orderedChanges(diffMap)
+
+	// Two-pass strategy:
+	// Pass 1 — process key-entry operations and collect pending leaf ops.
+	// This ensures parent nodes get nc:operation="delete" BEFORE we decide
+	// whether a child leaf needs its own operation attribute.
+	var pending []pendingLeaf
+	for _, entry := range ordered {
+		path := entry.path
+		change := entry.change
+		segments := splitPathRespectingQuotes(path)
+		if len(segments) == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if segments[0] == "configuration" {
+			segments = segments[1:]
+		}
+		if len(segments) > 0 {
+			firstTag, _, _ := parseSegment(segments[0])
+			if firstTag == "groups" {
+				segments = segments[1:]
+			}
+		}
+		if len(segments) == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		parentSegments := segments[:len(segments)-1]
+		leafSegment := segments[len(segments)-1]
+
+		parent := ensurePath(root, parentSegments)
+
+		if applyKeyedListEntryOperation(parent, parentSegments, leafSegment, change) {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		leafTag, keyName, _ := parseSegment(leafSegment)
+		pending = append(pending, pendingLeaf{
+			parent: parent, tag: leafTag, keyName: keyName, change: change,
+		})
+	}
+
+	// Pass 2 — create leaf nodes, inheriting context from pass-1 parent ops.
+	for _, p := range pending {
+		// Positional leaf-list entries (path ends with [pos=N]) represent
+		// ordered-by-user leaf-lists. A Replace means the value at that
+		// position changed — emit delete of old + create of new.
+		if p.keyName == "pos" {
+			switch p.change.Op {
+			case Create:
+				leaf := &Node{Tag: p.tag, Parent: p.parent, Operation: "create", Text: p.change.NewVal}
+				p.parent.Children = append(p.parent.Children, leaf)
+			case Delete:
+				leaf := &Node{Tag: p.tag, Parent: p.parent, Operation: "delete", Text: p.change.OldVal}
+				p.parent.Children = append(p.parent.Children, leaf)
+			case Replace:
+				// Reorder: delete old value, create new value
+				del := &Node{Tag: p.tag, Parent: p.parent, Operation: "delete", Text: p.change.OldVal}
+				p.parent.Children = append(p.parent.Children, del)
+				cre := &Node{Tag: p.tag, Parent: p.parent, Operation: "create", Text: p.change.NewVal}
+				p.parent.Children = append(p.parent.Children, cre)
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+
+		leaf := &Node{
+			Tag:    p.tag,
+			Parent: p.parent,
+		}
+
+		switch p.change.Op {
+		case Create:
+			leaf.Operation = "create"
+			leaf.Text = p.change.NewVal
+		case Replace:
+			leaf.Operation = "replace"
+			leaf.Text = p.change.NewVal
+		case Delete:
+			// Leaf-list entries (paths with [value=xxx]) need the old value
+			// so Junos knows which instance to remove.
+			// Scalar leaves must NOT include text — Junos rejects
+			// <leaf nc:operation="delete">value</leaf> for scalar leaves.
+			if p.keyName == "value" {
+				leaf.Text = p.change.OldVal
+			}
+			// If the parent already has nc:operation="delete" (set by
+			// applyKeyedListEntryOperation in pass 1), this leaf is just
+			// a structural sibling — do NOT add an operation.  This is
+			// critical for Junos compound-key lists where choice-ident
+			// elements (e.g. <add/>) must appear WITHOUT an operation.
+			if p.parent.Operation == "delete" {
+				// structural child — no operation
+			} else {
+				leaf.Operation = "delete"
+			}
+		}
+
+		p.parent.Children = append(p.parent.Children, leaf)
+	}
+
+	return marshalNodeTree(root)
+}
+
+func applyKeyedListEntryOperation(parent *Node, parentSegments []string, leafSegment string, change Change) bool {
+	if len(parentSegments) == 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	_, parentKeyName, parentKeyValue := parseSegment(parentSegments[len(parentSegments)-1])
+	leafTag, _, _ := parseSegment(leafSegment)
+	if parentKeyName == "" || leafTag != parentKeyName {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	keyValue := change.NewVal
+	if change.Op == Delete {
+		keyValue = change.OldVal
+	}
+	if keyValue == "" || keyValue != parentKeyValue {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	switch change.Op {
+	case Create:
+		parent.Operation = "create"
+	case Replace:
+		parent.Operation = "replace"
+	case Delete:
+		parent.Operation = "delete"
+	default:
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return true
+}
+
+type orderedChange struct {
+	path   string
+	change Change
+}
+
+func orderedChanges(diffMap map[string]Change) []orderedChange {
+	result := make([]orderedChange, 0, len(diffMap))
+	for path, change := range diffMap {
+		result = append(result, orderedChange{path: path, change: change})
+	}
+
+	sort.SliceStable(result, func(i, j int) bool {
+		a := result[i]
+		b := result[j]
+
+		pa := opPriority(a.change.Op)
+		pb := opPriority(b.change.Op)
+		if pa != pb {
+			return pa < pb
+		}
+
+		da := pathDepth(a.path)
+		db := pathDepth(b.path)
+		if a.change.Op == Delete {
+			if da != db {
+				return da > db
+			}
+		} else {
+			if da != db {
+				return da < db
+			}
+		}
+
+		return a.path < b.path
+	})
+
+	return result
+}
+
+func opPriority(op ChangeType) int {
+	switch op {
+	case Delete:
+		return 0
+	case Replace:
+		return 1
+	case Create:
+		return 2
+	default:
+		return 3
+	}
+}
+
+func pathDepth(path string) int {
+	if path == "" {
+		return 0
+	}
+	return len(splitPathRespectingQuotes(path))
+}
+
+// marshalNodeTree serializes a *Node tree to indented XML bytes.
+func marshalNodeTree(root *Node) ([]byte, error) {
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	if err := encodeNode(&buf, root, 0); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return buf.Bytes(), nil
+}
+
+// encodeNode recursively writes a node and all its descendants to buf.
+func encodeNode(buf *bytes.Buffer, n *Node, depth int) error {
+	indent := strings.Repeat("  ", depth)
+	buf.WriteString(indent + "<" + n.Tag)
+
+	// Standard XML attributes
+	for k, v := range n.Attrs {
+		if _, err := fmt.Fprintf(buf, ` %s="%s"`, k, xmlEscape(v)); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	// nc:operation attribute — references xmlns:nc on the <config> ancestor
+	if n.Operation != "" {
+		if _, err := fmt.Fprintf(buf, ` nc:operation="%s"`, n.Operation); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Self-closing for delete and empty nodes
+	if len(n.Children) == 0 && n.Text == "" {
+		buf.WriteString("/>\n")
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	buf.WriteString(">")
+
+	if len(n.Children) > 0 {
+		buf.WriteString("\n")
+		for _, child := range n.Children {
+			if err := encodeNode(buf, child, depth+1); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		buf.WriteString(indent + "</" + n.Tag + ">\n")
+	} else {
+		// Inline text with XML escaping
+		buf.WriteString(xmlEscape(n.Text) + "</" + n.Tag + ">\n")
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// xmlEscape escapes the five XML special characters in text content and
+// attribute values.
+func xmlEscape(s string) string {
+	s = strings.ReplaceAll(s, "&", "&amp;") // must be first
+	s = strings.ReplaceAll(s, "<", "&lt;")
+	s = strings.ReplaceAll(s, ">", "&gt;")
+	s = strings.ReplaceAll(s, "\"", "&quot;")
+	s = strings.ReplaceAll(s, "'", "&apos;")
+	return s
+}
+
+// coalesceContainerDeletes detects when ALL leaves under a schema container are
+// Delete operations (no Creates or Replaces share that prefix), and replaces
+// them with a single synthetic Delete entry for the container path itself.
+// This produces a compact <container nc:operation="delete"/> instead of N
+// individual leaf deletes, which is both more efficient and avoids ordering
+// issues on Junos.
+func coalesceContainerDeletes(diffMap map[string]Change, idx map[string]*NodeInfo) map[string]Change {
+	// Build a set of all leaf paths grouped by their deepest container ancestor.
+	// A "container" here means a schema node of KindContainer (not KindList).
+	type containerStats struct {
+		allDelete bool
+		count     int
+		paths     []string
+	}
+
+	containers := make(map[string]*containerStats)
+
+	for path, change := range diffMap {
+		segments := splitPathRespectingQuotes(path)
+		// Strip configuration prefix
+		if len(segments) > 0 && segments[0] == "configuration" {
+			segments = segments[1:]
+		}
+
+		// Find the deepest container ancestor in the schema
+		for depth := len(segments) - 1; depth >= 1; depth-- {
+			ancestorSegments := segments[:depth]
+			// Build schema path from segments (strip key predicates)
+			schemaPath := ""
+			for _, seg := range ancestorSegments {
+				tag, _, _ := parseSegment(seg)
+				if schemaPath == "" {
+					schemaPath = tag
+				} else {
+					schemaPath = schemaPath + "/" + tag
+				}
+			}
+
+			info, ok := idx[schemaPath]
+			if !ok || info.Kind != KindContainer {
+				continue
+			}
+
+			// Found a container ancestor — record this path
+			if _, exists := containers[schemaPath]; !exists {
+				containers[schemaPath] = &containerStats{allDelete: true}
+			}
+			stat := containers[schemaPath]
+			stat.count++
+			stat.paths = append(stat.paths, path)
+			if change.Op != Delete {
+				stat.allDelete = false
+			}
+			break // only use the deepest container
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Identify containers where ALL children are Delete
+	coalesced := make(map[string]bool)
+	for _, stat := range containers {
+		if !stat.allDelete || stat.count < 2 {
+			continue
+		}
+		// Mark all child paths for removal
+		for _, p := range stat.paths {
+			coalesced[p] = true
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(coalesced) == 0 {
+		return diffMap
+	}
+
+	// Build new diffMap: remove coalesced leaves, add container-level deletes
+	result := make(map[string]Change, len(diffMap))
+	for path, change := range diffMap {
+		if !coalesced[path] {
+			result[path] = change
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Add synthetic container deletes
+	added := make(map[string]bool)
+	for containerPath, stat := range containers {
+		if !stat.allDelete || stat.count < 2 {
+			continue
+		}
+		if added[containerPath] {
+			continue
+		}
+		added[containerPath] = true
+		// The path needs "configuration/" prefix for CreateDiffPatch processing
+		result["configuration/"+containerPath] = Change{Op: Delete, OldVal: "", NewVal: ""}
+	}
+
+	return result
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+package patch
+
+import "strings"
+
+// splitPathRespectingQuotes splits a path string on '/' while treating
+// bracket predicates as opaque — a '/' inside "[name=ge-0/0/0]" is not
+// treated as a separator.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	"interfaces/interface[name=ge-0/0/0]/unit[name=0]/description"
+//	→ ["interfaces", "interface[name=ge-0/0/0]", "unit[name=0]", "description"]
+func splitPathRespectingQuotes(path string) []string {
+	var segments []string
+	var current strings.Builder
+	inBracket := false
+
+	for _, ch := range path {
+		switch {
+		case !inBracket && ch == '[':
+			inBracket = true
+			current.WriteRune(ch)
+		case inBracket && ch == ']':
+			inBracket = false
+			current.WriteRune(ch)
+		case !inBracket && ch == '/':
+			if current.Len() > 0 {
+				segments = append(segments, current.String())
+				current.Reset()
+			}
+		default:
+			current.WriteRune(ch)
+		}
+	}
+	if current.Len() > 0 {
+		segments = append(segments, current.String())
+	}
+	return segments
+}
+
+// parseSegment splits a path segment into its tag and optional key predicate.
+//
+//	"interface[name=ge-0/0/0]" → ("interface", "name", "ge-0/0/0")
+//	"description"              → ("description", "", "")
+func parseSegment(seg string) (tag, keyName, keyValue string) {
+	idx := strings.Index(seg, "[")
+	if idx == -1 {
+		return seg, "", ""
+	}
+	tag = seg[:idx]
+	predicate := seg[idx+1 : len(seg)-1] // strip outer [ and ]
+	eqIdx := strings.Index(predicate, "=")
+	if eqIdx == -1 {
+		return tag, "", ""
+	}
+	keyName = predicate[:eqIdx]
+	keyValue = strings.Trim(predicate[eqIdx+1:], "'\"") // strip optional quotes
+	return
+}
+
+// ensurePath walks the node tree starting at current, creating intermediate
+// nodes as needed for each segment, and returns the node at the end of the
+// path.
+//
+// For keyed segments (e.g. "interface[name=ge-0/0/0]") it:
+//  1. Looks for an existing child with matching tag AND key child value.
+//  2. If not found, creates the element and injects a <name>ge-0/0/0</name>
+//     child immediately so subsequent sibling leaf writes land in the right
+//     list entry.
+func ensurePath(current *Node, segments []string) *Node {
+	for _, seg := range segments {
+		tag, keyName, keyValue := parseSegment(seg)
+
+		// Search for an existing child that matches this segment
+		var found *Node
+		for _, child := range current.Children {
+			if child.Tag != tag {
+				continue
+			}
+			// Plain element — first match wins
+			if keyName == "" {
+				found = child
+				break
+			}
+			// Keyed element — must also match the key value
+			if findKeyChild(child, keyName) == keyValue {
+				found = child
+				break
+			}
+		}
+
+		if found == nil {
+			found = &Node{Tag: tag, Parent: current}
+			if keyName != "" {
+				// Inject key child as the first child of this list entry
+				keyNode := &Node{Tag: keyName, Text: keyValue, Parent: found}
+				found.Children = append(found.Children, keyNode)
+			}
+			current.Children = append(current.Children, found)
+		}
+
+		current = found
+	}
+	return current
+}
+
+// findKeyChild returns the text of the first child whose tag matches keyName,
+// used to disambiguate keyed list entries during ensurePath traversal.
+func findKeyChild(node *Node, keyName string) string {
+	for _, child := range node.Children {
+		if child.Tag == keyName {
+			return child.Text
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
+package patch
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// ------------------------- Type Definitions [START] -------------------------
+
+type NodeKind uint8
+
+const (
+	KindContainer NodeKind = iota
+	KindList
+	KindLeaf
+	KindLeafList
+)
+
+type LeafBase uint8
+
+const (
+	LeafString LeafBase = iota
+	LeafBool
+	LeafInt
+	LeafUint
+	LeafEnum
+	LeafUnion
+	LeafOther
+)
+
+// Raw JSON node
+type SchemaNode struct {
+	Name      string `json:"name"`
+	Type      string `json:"type"`       // container | list | leaf
+	Path      string `json:"path"`       // often parent path
+	Key       string `json:"key"`        // list key
+	LeafType  string `json:"leaf-type"`  // leaf-only: string, union, etc.
+	OrderedBy string `json:"ordered-by"` // "user" for ordered leaf-lists/lists
+
+	Children []SchemaNode `json:"children"`
+	// Union branches (when leaf-type == "union")
+	Types []UnionType `json:"types"`
+	// Constraints (sometimes on leaves, sometimes inside union branches)
+	Lengths  []LenRange  `json:"lengths"`
+	Ranges   []NumRange  `json:"ranges"`
+	Patterns []string    `json:"patterns"`
+	Enums    []EnumValue `json:"enums"` // if your trimmed schema ever includes enums
+}
+
+type UnionType struct {
+	Type     string      `json:"type"`
+	Path     string      `json:"path"`
+	Patterns []string    `json:"patterns"`
+	Ranges   []NumRange  `json:"ranges"`
+	Lengths  []LenRange  `json:"lengths"`
+	Enums    []EnumValue `json:"enums"`
+}
+
+type NumRange struct {
+	Min  *float64 `json:"min"`
+	Max  *float64 `json:"max"`
+	Path string   `json:"path"`
+}
+
+type LenRange struct {
+	Min  *int   `json:"min"`
+	Max  *int   `json:"max"`
+	Path string `json:"path"`
+}
+
+type EnumValue struct {
+	Name  string `json:"name"`
+	Value any    `json:"value"`
+}
+
+type NodeInfo struct {
+	Path     string
+	Name     string
+	Kind     NodeKind
+	Parent   string
+	Children []string
+	// Lists
+	ListKey     string
+	ListKeyPath string
+	// Ordered-by user (meaningful ordering)
+	OrderedByUser bool
+	// Leaves
+	Leaf LeafInfo
+}
+
+type LeafInfo struct {
+	Base     LeafBase
+	Union    []UnionBranch
+	Patterns []string
+	Ranges   []NumRange
+	Lengths  []LenRange
+	Enums    map[string]struct{} // canonical set of enum names (if present)
+}
+
+type UnionBranch struct {
+	Base     LeafBase
+	Patterns []string
+	Ranges   []NumRange
+	Lengths  []LenRange
+	Enums    map[string]struct{}
+}
+
+type TrimmedSchemaWrapper struct {
+	Path string     `json:"path"`
+	Root SchemaRoot `json:"root"`
+}
+
+type SchemaRoot struct {
+	Children []SchemaNode `json:"children"`
+}
+
+// ------------------------- Type Definitions [END] -------------------------
+
+// ------------------------- Process Trimmed Schema [START] -------------------------
+
+// Go raw string literal -> compiled index
+func UnmarshalTrimmedSchemaIndex(trimmedSchemaJSON string) (map[string]*NodeInfo, error) {
+
+	var w TrimmedSchemaWrapper
+	if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(trimmedSchemaJSON), &w); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	roots := w.Root.Children
+
+	idx := make(map[string]*NodeInfo)
+
+	// Walk and compile
+	var walk func(n SchemaNode, parentFull string)
+
+	walk = func(n SchemaNode, parentFull string) {
+		full := canonicalFullPath(n, parentFull)
+		if full == "" {
+			// still walk children (some schemas have virtual root nodes)
+			for _, c := range n.Children {
+				walk(c, parentFull)
+			}
+			return
+		}
+
+		info := idx[full]
+		if info == nil {
+			info = &NodeInfo{
+				Path:   full,
+				Name:   n.Name,
+				Parent: parentFull,
+			}
+			idx[full] = info
+		} else {
+			// if collisions happen, keep existing and merge below
+			if info.Name == "" {
+				info.Name = n.Name
+			}
+			if info.Parent == "" {
+				info.Parent = parentFull
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Kind
+		switch n.Type {
+		case "container":
+			info.Kind = KindContainer
+		case "list":
+			info.Kind = KindList
+		case "leaf":
+			info.Kind = KindLeaf
+		case "leaf-list":
+			info.Kind = KindLeafList
+		default:
+			// unknown: treat like container-ish to keep traversal working
+			info.Kind = KindContainer
+		}
+
+		// List metadata
+		if info.Kind == KindList {
+			info.ListKey = n.Key
+			if n.Key != "" {
+				info.ListKeyPath = joinPath(full, n.Key)
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Ordered-by user
+		if n.OrderedBy == "user" {
+			info.OrderedByUser = true
+		}
+
+		// Leaf metadata
+		if info.Kind == KindLeaf || info.Kind == KindLeafList {
+			compileLeafInfo(&info.Leaf, n)
+		}
+
+		// Children bookkeeping
+		for _, c := range n.Children {
+			childFull := canonicalFullPath(c, full)
+
+			// record child path
+			if childFull != "" {
+				info.Children = appendUnique(info.Children, childFull)
+			}
+
+			walk(c, full)
+		}
+	}
+
+	for _, r := range roots {
+		// Some trimmed schemas include a top-level node with path:"" and children; still safe.
+		walk(r, "")
+	}
+
+	return idx, nil
+}
+
+// ------------------------- Process Trimmed Schema [END] -------------------------
+
+// ------------------------- Helpers [START] -------------------------
+
+func normalizePath(p string) string {
+	p = strings.Trim(p, "/")
+
+	// Strip "configuration" root in both forms
+	if p == "configuration" {
+		return ""
+	}
+	p = strings.TrimPrefix(p, "configuration/")
+	return p
+}
+
+func canonicalFullPath(n SchemaNode, parentFull string) string {
+	if n.Name == "" {
+		return ""
+	}
+
+	parentFull = normalizePath(parentFull)
+
+	// Your JSON "path" is usually the parent path (often includes "configuration/")
+	p := normalizePath(n.Path)
+
+	switch n.Type {
+	case "leaf", "leaf-list":
+		// leaf full path should be parent-path + leaf name
+		if p != "" {
+			return joinPath(p, n.Name)
+		}
+		return joinPath(parentFull, n.Name)
+
+	default: // container, list
+		// container/list full path should be its parent + its name
+		// Prefer n.Path if present (because your JSON is anchored under configuration)
+		if p != "" {
+			return joinPath(p, n.Name)
+		}
+		return joinPath(parentFull, n.Name)
+	}
+}
+
+func joinPath(a, b string) string {
+	a = normalizePath(a)
+	b = normalizePath(b)
+	if a == "" {
+		return b
+	}
+	if b == "" {
+		return a
+	}
+	return a + "/" + b
+}
+
+func appendUnique(xs []string, s string) []string {
+	for _, x := range xs {
+		if x == s {
+			return xs
+		}
+	}
+	return append(xs, s)
+}
+
+func compileLeafInfo(out *LeafInfo, n SchemaNode) {
+	base := leafBaseFromLeafType(n.LeafType)
+	out.Base = base
+
+	// Direct constraints on the leaf node
+	out.Patterns = append(out.Patterns, n.Patterns...)
+	out.Ranges = append(out.Ranges, n.Ranges...)
+	out.Lengths = append(out.Lengths, n.Lengths...)
+	out.Enums = enumSetFromEnumValues(n.Enums, out.Enums)
+
+	// Union branches
+	if base == LeafUnion {
+		for _, br := range n.Types {
+			ub := UnionBranch{
+				Base:     leafBaseFromLeafType(br.Type),
+				Patterns: append([]string(nil), br.Patterns...),
+				Ranges:   append([]NumRange(nil), br.Ranges...),
+				Lengths:  append([]LenRange(nil), br.Lengths...),
+				Enums:    enumSetFromEnumValues(br.Enums, nil),
+			}
+			out.Union = append(out.Union, ub)
+
+			// Often useful to have a flattened view too:
+			out.Patterns = append(out.Patterns, br.Patterns...)
+			out.Ranges = append(out.Ranges, br.Ranges...)
+			out.Lengths = append(out.Lengths, br.Lengths...)
+			out.Enums = mergeEnumSets(out.Enums, ub.Enums)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func leafBaseFromLeafType(t string) LeafBase {
+	switch strings.ToLower(strings.TrimSpace(t)) {
+	case "string":
+		return LeafString
+	case "boolean", "bool":
+		return LeafBool
+	case "int8", "int16", "int32", "int64", "int":
+		return LeafInt
+	case "uint8", "uint16", "uint32", "uint64", "uint":
+		return LeafUint
+	case "enumeration", "enum":
+		return LeafEnum
+	case "union":
+		return LeafUnion
+	default:
+		return LeafOther
+	}
+}
+
+func enumSetFromEnumValues(vals []EnumValue, existing map[string]struct{}) map[string]struct{} {
+	if len(vals) == 0 && existing != nil {
+		return existing
+	}
+	if existing == nil {
+		existing = make(map[string]struct{})
+	}
+	for _, v := range vals {
+		if v.Name != "" {
+			existing[v.Name] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	}
+	return existing
+}
+
+func mergeEnumSets(a, b map[string]struct{}) map[string]struct{} {
+	if a == nil {
+		return b
+	}
+	for k := range b {
+		a[k] = struct{}{}
+	}
+	return a
+}
+
+// ------------------------- Helpers [END] -------------------------
@@ -0,0 +1,388 @@
+package patch
+
+import "testing"
+
+const testTrimmedSchema = `{
+  "path": "",
+  "root": {
+    "children": [
+      {
+        "name": "configuration",
+        "type": "container",
+        "path": "",
+        "children": [
+          {
+            "name": "foo",
+            "type": "container",
+            "path": "",
+            "children": [
+              {
+                "name": "item",
+                "type": "list",
+                "path": "foo",
+                "key": "address",
+                "children": [
+                  {
+                    "name": "address",
+                    "type": "leaf",
+                    "path": "foo/item",
+                    "leaf-type": "string"
+                  },
+                  {
+                    "name": "value",
+                    "type": "leaf",
+                    "path": "foo/item",
+                    "leaf-type": "string"
+                  }
+                ]
+              },
+              {
+                "name": "members",
+                "type": "leaf-list",
+                "path": "foo",
+                "leaf-type": "string"
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        ]
+      }
+    ]
+  }
+}`
+
+const testStructuralKeyTrimmedSchema = `{
+	"path": "",
+	"root": {
+		"children": [
+			{
+				"name": "configuration",
+				"type": "container",
+				"path": "",
+				"children": [
+					{
+						"name": "system",
+						"type": "container",
+						"path": "",
+						"children": [
+							{
+								"name": "syslog",
+								"type": "container",
+								"path": "system",
+								"children": [
+									{
+										"name": "file",
+										"type": "list",
+										"path": "system/syslog",
+										"key": "name",
+										"children": [
+											{
+												"name": "name",
+												"type": "leaf",
+												"path": "system/syslog/file",
+												"leaf-type": "string"
+											},
+											{
+												"name": "contents",
+												"type": "list",
+												"path": "system/syslog/file",
+												"key": "name",
+												"children": [
+													{
+														"name": "name",
+														"type": "leaf",
+														"path": "system/syslog/file/contents",
+														"leaf-type": "string"
+													},
+													{
+														"name": "any",
+														"type": "leaf",
+														"path": "system/syslog/file/contents",
+														"leaf-type": "empty"
+													}
+												]
+											},
+											{
+												"name": "archive",
+												"type": "container",
+												"path": "system/syslog/file",
+												"children": [
+													{
+														"name": "world-readable",
+														"type": "leaf",
+														"path": "system/syslog/file/archive",
+														"leaf-type": "empty"
+													}
+												]
+											}
+										]
+									}
+								]
+							}
+						]
+					}
+				]
+			}
+		]
+	}
+}`
+
+func mustTree(t *testing.T, xmlStr string) *Node {
+	t.Helper()
+	tree, err := BuildTree([]byte(xmlStr))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("BuildTree error: %v", err)
+	}
+	return tree
+}
+
+func mustIdx(t *testing.T) map[string]*NodeInfo {
+	t.Helper()
+	return mustIdxFromSchema(t, testTrimmedSchema)
+}
+
+func mustIdxFromSchema(t *testing.T, schema string) map[string]*NodeInfo {
+	t.Helper()
+	idx, err := UnmarshalTrimmedSchemaIndex(schema)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("UnmarshalTrimmedSchemaIndex error: %v", err)
+	}
+	return idx
+}
+
+func TestLeafMapWithSchema_UsesSchemaListKey(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := mustIdx(t)
+	xmlStr := `<configuration>
+  <groups>
+    <name>g1</name>
+    <foo>
+      <item>
+        <address>10.0.0.1</address>
+        <value>alpha</value>
+      </item>
+    </foo>
+  </groups>
+</configuration>`
+
+	m := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, xmlStr), idx)
+	path := `configuration/groups[name=g1]/foo/item[address=10.0.0.1]/value`
+	if got := m[path]; got != "alpha" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected %s => alpha, got %q", path, got)
+	}
+
+	// Key leaf is now also emitted (needed for new/removed entry detection)
+	keyLeafPath := `configuration/groups[name=g1]/foo/item[address=10.0.0.1]/address`
+	if got := m[keyLeafPath]; got != "10.0.0.1" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected key leaf %s => 10.0.0.1, got %q", keyLeafPath, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestLeafMapWithSchema_KeyOnlyListEmitsKeyLeaf(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := mustIdx(t)
+	xmlStr := `<configuration>
+  <groups>
+    <name>g1</name>
+    <foo>
+      <item>
+        <address>10.0.0.1</address>
+      </item>
+    </foo>
+  </groups>
+</configuration>`
+
+	m := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, xmlStr), idx)
+	path := `configuration/groups[name=g1]/foo/item[address=10.0.0.1]/address`
+	if got := m[path]; got != "10.0.0.1" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected %s => 10.0.0.1, got %q", path, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestLeafMapWithSchema_LeafListSetDiff(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := mustIdx(t)
+	stateXML := `<configuration>
+  <groups>
+    <name>g1</name>
+    <foo>
+      <members>a</members>
+      <members>c</members>
+    </foo>
+  </groups>
+</configuration>`
+	planXML := `<configuration>
+  <groups>
+    <name>g1</name>
+    <foo>
+      <members>a</members>
+      <members>b</members>
+    </foo>
+  </groups>
+</configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	createPath := `configuration/groups[name=g1]/foo/members[value=b]`
+	deletePath := `configuration/groups[name=g1]/foo/members[value=c]`
+	commonPath := `configuration/groups[name=g1]/foo/members[value=a]`
+
+	if ch, ok := diff[createPath]; !ok || ch.Op != Create {
+		t.Fatalf("expected create for %s", createPath)
+	}
+	if ch, ok := diff[deletePath]; !ok || ch.Op != Delete {
+		t.Fatalf("expected delete for %s", deletePath)
+	}
+	if _, ok := diff[commonPath]; ok {
+		t.Fatalf("did not expect diff for unchanged leaf-list value %s", commonPath)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBuildTree_PreservesTrailingNewlineInLeafText(t *testing.T) {
+	xmlStr := `<configuration><groups><name>g1</name><system><login><message>banner line
+</message></login></system></groups></configuration>`
+
+	tree := mustTree(t, xmlStr)
+	idx, err := UnmarshalTrimmedSchemaIndex(TrimmedSchemaJSON)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("UnmarshalTrimmedSchemaIndex error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	leafMap := LeafMapWithSchema(tree, idx)
+	path := `configuration/groups[name=g1]/system/login/message`
+	if got := leafMap[path]; got != "banner line\n" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected %s => %q, got %q", path, "banner line\n", got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestOrderedChanges_DeleteBeforeCreate_AndDepthRules(t *testing.T) {
+	diffMap := map[string]Change{
+		`configuration/groups[name=g1]/foo/bar/baz`: {Op: Delete, OldVal: "x"},
+		`configuration/groups[name=g1]/foo/bar`:     {Op: Delete, OldVal: "x"},
+		`configuration/groups[name=g1]/foo/alpha`:   {Op: Replace, OldVal: "a", NewVal: "b"},
+		`configuration/groups[name=g1]/foo/new`:     {Op: Create, NewVal: "n"},
+	}
+
+	ordered := orderedChanges(diffMap)
+	if len(ordered) != 4 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 4 ordered changes, got %d", len(ordered))
+	}
+
+	if ordered[0].change.Op != Delete || ordered[1].change.Op != Delete {
+		t.Fatalf("expected first two operations to be deletes")
+	}
+	if pathDepth(ordered[0].path) < pathDepth(ordered[1].path) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected deeper delete path first: %s then %s", ordered[0].path, ordered[1].path)
+	}
+	if ordered[2].change.Op != Replace || ordered[3].change.Op != Create {
+		t.Fatalf("expected replace before create in trailing operations")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestComputeDiff_ListKeyRename_ShowsDeleteAndCreate(t *testing.T) {
+	stateMap := map[string]string{
+		`configuration/groups[name=g1]/foo/item[address=10.0.0.1]/value`: "alpha",
+	}
+	planMap := map[string]string{
+		`configuration/groups[name=g1]/foo/item[address=10.0.0.2]/value`: "alpha",
+	}
+
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+	if len(diff) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 2 changes for key rename, got %d", len(diff))
+	}
+	if diff[`configuration/groups[name=g1]/foo/item[address=10.0.0.1]/value`].Op != Delete {
+		t.Fatalf("expected delete for old key path")
+	}
+	if diff[`configuration/groups[name=g1]/foo/item[address=10.0.0.2]/value`].Op != Create {
+		t.Fatalf("expected create for new key path")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestLeafMapWithSchema_StructuralKeyedListEmitsKeyLeaf(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := mustIdxFromSchema(t, testStructuralKeyTrimmedSchema)
+	xmlStr := `<configuration>
+	<groups>
+		<name>g1</name>
+		<system>
+			<syslog>
+				<file>
+					<name>security</name>
+					<contents>
+						<name>interactive-commands</name>
+						<any/>
+					</contents>
+					<archive>
+						<world-readable/>
+					</archive>
+				</file>
+			</syslog>
+		</system>
+	</groups>
+</configuration>`
+
+	m := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, xmlStr), idx)
+	path := `configuration/groups[name=g1]/system/syslog/file[name=security]/name`
+	if got := m[path]; got != "security" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected %s => security, got %q", path, got)
+	}
+
+	// Nested key is now also emitted (contents has material children)
+	nestedPath := `configuration/groups[name=g1]/system/syslog/file[name=security]/contents[name=interactive-commands]/name`
+	if got := m[nestedPath]; got != "interactive-commands" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected nested key %s => interactive-commands, got %q", nestedPath, got)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestComputeDiff_StructuralListKeyRename_ShowsDeleteAndCreate(t *testing.T) {
+	idx := mustIdxFromSchema(t, testStructuralKeyTrimmedSchema)
+	stateXML := `<configuration>
+	<groups>
+		<name>g1</name>
+		<system>
+			<syslog>
+				<file>
+					<name>security</name>
+					<contents>
+						<name>interactive-commands</name>
+						<any/>
+					</contents>
+					<archive>
+						<world-readable/>
+					</archive>
+				</file>
+			</syslog>
+		</system>
+	</groups>
+</configuration>`
+	planXML := `<configuration>
+	<groups>
+		<name>g1</name>
+		<system>
+			<syslog>
+				<file>
+					<name>vinay</name>
+					<contents>
+						<name>interactive-commands</name>
+						<any/>
+					</contents>
+					<archive>
+						<world-readable/>
+					</archive>
+				</file>
+			</syslog>
+		</system>
+	</groups>
+</configuration>`
+
+	stateMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, stateXML), idx)
+	planMap := LeafMapWithSchema(mustTree(t, planXML), idx)
+	diff := ComputeDiff(stateMap, planMap)
+
+	deletePath := `configuration/groups[name=g1]/system/syslog/file[name=security]/name`
+	createPath := `configuration/groups[name=g1]/system/syslog/file[name=vinay]/name`
+	if ch, ok := diff[deletePath]; !ok || ch.Op != Delete {
+		t.Fatalf("expected delete for %s", deletePath)
+	}
+	if ch, ok := diff[createPath]; !ok || ch.Op != Create {
+		t.Fatalf("expected create for %s", createPath)
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+package patch
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/xml"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+)
+
+// BuildTree parses XML bytes into a *Node tree using a streaming token decoder.
+// It handles the XML declaration header produced by xml.Header gracefully.
+func BuildTree(xmlBytes []byte) (*Node, error) {
+	decoder := xml.NewDecoder(bytes.NewReader(xmlBytes))
+
+	var stack []*Node
+	var root *Node
+
+	for {
+		tok, err := decoder.Token()
+		if err != nil {
+			if err == io.EOF {
+				break
+			}
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed parsing XML token stream: %w", err)
+		}
+
+		switch t := tok.(type) {
+
+		case xml.StartElement:
+			node := &Node{
+				Tag:   t.Name.Local,
+				Attrs: make(map[string]string),
+			}
+			for _, attr := range t.Attr {
+				// Skip xmlns declarations — not needed in our tree
+				if attr.Name.Space == "xmlns" || attr.Name.Local == "xmlns" {
+					continue
+				}
+				node.Attrs[attr.Name.Local] = attr.Value
+			}
+			if len(stack) > 0 {
+				parent := stack[len(stack)-1]
+				node.Parent = parent
+				parent.Children = append(parent.Children, node)
+			}
+			stack = append(stack, node)
+
+		case xml.EndElement:
+			if len(stack) == 0 {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected end element </%s>", t.Name.Local)
+			}
+			popped := stack[len(stack)-1]
+			stack = stack[:len(stack)-1]
+			// When we pop the last element off the stack it is the root
+			if len(stack) == 0 {
+				root = popped
+			}
+
+		case xml.CharData:
+			if len(stack) > 0 {
+				if len(bytes.TrimSpace([]byte(t))) > 0 {
+					top := stack[len(stack)-1]
+					top.Text += string(t)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if root == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("no root element found in XML")
+	}
+	return root, nil
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package patch
+
+// ChangeType represents the CRUD operation for a single leaf diff.
+type ChangeType int
+
+const (
+	Create  ChangeType = iota
+	Replace            // value exists in both state and plan but differs
+	Delete             // value exists in state but not in plan
+)
+
+// Node is a single element in the parsed XML tree.
+type Node struct {
+	Tag       string
+	Attrs     map[string]string // standard XML attributes (not nc:operation)
+	Operation string            // nc:operation value: "create", "replace", "delete", or ""
+	Text      string            // character data between open/close tags
+	Children  []*Node
+	Parent    *Node
+}
+
+// Change holds a single leaf-level diff entry produced by ComputeDiff.
+type Change struct {
+	Op     ChangeType
+	OldVal string // empty for Create
+	NewVal string // empty for Delete
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"terraform-provider-junos-qfx/netconf"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework/datasource"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework/provider"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework/provider/schema"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework/resource"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework/types"
+)
+
+var _ provider.Provider = new(Provider)
+
+var providerClientFactory = func(cfg *Config) (netconf.Client, error) {
+	return cfg.Client()
+}
+
+func newProvider() provider.Provider {
+	return Provider{}
+}
+
+type Provider struct {
+}
+
+type providerModel struct {
+	Host     types.String `tfsdk:"host"`
+	Username types.String `tfsdk:"username"`
+	Password types.String `tfsdk:"password"`
+	Port     types.Int64  `tfsdk:"port"`
+	SshKey   types.String `tfsdk:"sshkey"`
+}
+
+// ProviderConfig is to hold client information
+type ProviderConfig struct {
+	netconf.Client
+	Host string
+}
+
+func buildProviderConfig(config providerModel) (ProviderConfig, error) {
+	clientConfig := Config{
+		Host:     config.Host.ValueString(),
+		Port:     int(config.Port.ValueInt64()),
+		Username: config.Username.ValueString(),
+		Password: config.Password.ValueString(),
+		SSHKey:   config.SshKey.ValueString(),
+	}
+
+	client, err := providerClientFactory(&clientConfig)
+	if err != nil {
+		return ProviderConfig{}, err
+	}
+
+	return ProviderConfig{
+		Client: client,
+		Host:   clientConfig.Host,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// Configure implements provider.Provider.
+func (p Provider) Configure(ctx context.Context, req provider.ConfigureRequest, resp *provider.ConfigureResponse) {
+	var config providerModel
+	resp.Diagnostics.Append(req.Config.Get(ctx, &config)...)
+	if resp.Diagnostics.HasError() {
+		return
+	}
+
+	providerConfig, err := buildProviderConfig(config)
+	if err != nil {
+		resp.Diagnostics.AddError("failed to create client", err.Error())
+		return
+	}
+
+	resp.ResourceData = providerConfig
+}
+
+// DataSources implements provider.Provider.
+func (p Provider) DataSources(_ context.Context) []func() datasource.DataSource {
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Metadata implements provider.Provider.
+func (p Provider) Metadata(_ context.Context, _ provider.MetadataRequest, resp *provider.MetadataResponse) {
+	resp.TypeName = "junos-qfx"
+}
+
+// Resources implements provider.Provider.
+func (p Provider) Resources(_ context.Context) []func() resource.Resource {
+	return []func() resource.Resource{
+		func() resource.Resource { return new(configResource) },
+	}
+}
+
+// Schema implements provider.Provider.
+func (p Provider) Schema(_ context.Context, _ provider.SchemaRequest, resp *provider.SchemaResponse) {
+	resp.Schema = schema.Schema{
+		Attributes: map[string]schema.Attribute{
+			"host": schema.StringAttribute{
+				Required: true,
+			},
+			"username": schema.StringAttribute{
+				Required: true,
+			},
+			"password": schema.StringAttribute{
+				Optional: true,
+				Sensitive: true,
+			},
+			"port": schema.Int64Attribute{
+				Required: true,
+				//Optional: true,
+				//Computed: true,
+				//Default: int64default.StaticInt64(22),
+			},
+			"sshkey": schema.StringAttribute{
+				Optional: true,
+				Sensitive: true,
+				// Will need to add eventually
+				//Validators: []validator.String{stringvalidator.AtLeastOneOf(path.MatchRoot("d")...)},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"testing"
+
+	"terraform-provider-junos-qfx/netconf"
+
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework/types"
+)
+
+type fakeNetconfClient struct{}
+
+// Close implements netconf.Client for unit tests.
+func (f *fakeNetconfClient) Close() error { return nil }
+
+// DeleteConfig implements netconf.Client for unit tests.
+func (f *fakeNetconfClient) DeleteConfig(string, bool) (string, error) { return "", nil }
+
+// SendCommit implements netconf.Client for unit tests.
+func (f *fakeNetconfClient) SendCommit() error { return nil }
+
+// MarshalGroup implements netconf.Client for unit tests.
+func (f *fakeNetconfClient) MarshalGroup(string, interface{}) error { return nil }
+
+// MarshalConfig implements netconf.Client for unit tests.
+func (f *fakeNetconfClient) MarshalConfig(interface{}) error { return nil }
+
+// SendTransaction implements netconf.Client for unit tests.
+func (f *fakeNetconfClient) SendTransaction(string, interface{}, bool) error { return nil }
+
+// SendDirectTransaction implements netconf.Client for unit tests.
+func (f *fakeNetconfClient) SendDirectTransaction(interface{}, bool) error { return nil }
+
+// SendUpdate implements netconf.Client for unit tests.
+func (f *fakeNetconfClient) SendUpdate(string, string, bool) error { return nil }
+
+// TestBuildProviderConfigSuccess verifies successful provider config construction.
+func TestBuildProviderConfigSuccess(t *testing.T) {
+	originalFactory := providerClientFactory
+	t.Cleanup(func() { providerClientFactory = originalFactory })
+
+	providerClientFactory = func(cfg *Config) (netconf.Client, error) {
+		if cfg.Host != "127.0.0.1" || cfg.Port != 830 || cfg.Username != "user" {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected config passed to factory: %+v", cfg)
+		}
+		return &fakeNetconfClient{}, nil
+	}
+
+	model := providerModel{
+		Host:     types.StringValue("127.0.0.1"),
+		Username: types.StringValue("user"),
+		Password: types.StringValue("pass"),
+		Port:     types.Int64Value(830),
+		SshKey:   types.StringValue(""),
+	}
+
+	cfg, err := buildProviderConfig(model)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("buildProviderConfig() returned error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if cfg.Host != "127.0.0.1" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected host: %q", cfg.Host)
+	}
+	if cfg.Client == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected non-nil netconf client")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestBuildProviderConfigFactoryError verifies client factory errors are returned.
+func TestBuildProviderConfigFactoryError(t *testing.T) {
+	originalFactory := providerClientFactory
+	t.Cleanup(func() { providerClientFactory = originalFactory })
+
+	expectedErr := errors.New("boom")
+	providerClientFactory = func(_ *Config) (netconf.Client, error) {
+		return nil, expectedErr
+	}
+
+	_, err := buildProviderConfig(providerModel{})
+	if !errors.Is(err, expectedErr) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected %v, got %v", expectedErr, err)
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"math/big"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework/provider"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework/tfsdk"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-go/tftypes"
+	"terraform-provider-junos-qfx/netconf"
+)
+
+// TestProviderMetadata verifies provider type metadata is set correctly.
+func TestProviderMetadata(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &Provider{}
+	resp := &provider.MetadataResponse{}
+	p.Metadata(context.Background(), provider.MetadataRequest{}, resp)
+	if resp.TypeName == "" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected non-empty provider type name")
+	}
+	if resp.TypeName != "terraform_provider" && !strings.HasPrefix(resp.TypeName, "junos-") {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected provider type name: %q", resp.TypeName)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestProviderConfigureMissingConfigPanics documents current framework panic behavior.
+func TestProviderConfigureMissingConfigPanics(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &Provider{}
+	defer func() {
+		if recover() == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("expected panic when ConfigureRequest.Config is unset")
+		}
+	}()
+
+	resp := &provider.ConfigureResponse{}
+	p.Configure(context.Background(), provider.ConfigureRequest{}, resp)
+	if resp.Diagnostics.HasError() {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected diagnostics before panic")
+	}
+}
+
+// providerConfigRaw creates a typed provider config payload for Configure tests.
+func providerConfigRaw(t *testing.T, p *Provider) tfsdk.Config {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	schemaResp := &provider.SchemaResponse{}
+	p.Schema(ctx, provider.SchemaRequest{}, schemaResp)
+
+	tfType := schemaResp.Schema.Type().TerraformType(ctx)
+	raw := tftypes.NewValue(tfType, map[string]tftypes.Value{
+		"host":     tftypes.NewValue(tftypes.String, "127.0.0.1"),
+		"username": tftypes.NewValue(tftypes.String, "user"),
+		"password": tftypes.NewValue(tftypes.String, "pass"),
+		"port":     tftypes.NewValue(tftypes.Number, big.NewFloat(830)),
+		"sshkey":   tftypes.NewValue(tftypes.String, ""),
+	})
+
+	return tfsdk.Config{Schema: schemaResp.Schema, Raw: raw}
+}
+
+// TestProviderConfigureSuccess verifies successful provider configuration.
+func TestProviderConfigureSuccess(t *testing.T) {
+	originalFactory := providerClientFactory
+	t.Cleanup(func() { providerClientFactory = originalFactory })
+
+	providerClientFactory = func(_ *Config) (netconf.Client, error) {
+		return &fakeNetconfClient{}, nil
+	}
+
+	p := &Provider{}
+	req := provider.ConfigureRequest{Config: providerConfigRaw(t, p)}
+	resp := &provider.ConfigureResponse{}
+
+	p.Configure(context.Background(), req, resp)
+	if resp.Diagnostics.HasError() {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected diagnostics: %v", resp.Diagnostics)
+	}
+	if resp.ResourceData == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected provider resource data")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestProviderConfigureClientError verifies provider diagnostics on client creation failures.
+func TestProviderConfigureClientError(t *testing.T) {
+	originalFactory := providerClientFactory
+	t.Cleanup(func() { providerClientFactory = originalFactory })
+
+	providerClientFactory = func(_ *Config) (netconf.Client, error) {
+		return nil, errors.New("client failed")
+	}
+
+	p := &Provider{}
+	req := provider.ConfigureRequest{Config: providerConfigRaw(t, p)}
+	resp := &provider.ConfigureResponse{}
+
+	p.Configure(context.Background(), req, resp)
+	if !resp.Diagnostics.HasError() {
+		t.Fatalf("expected diagnostics on client factory error")
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,294 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework/provider"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework/types"
+)
+
+// TestNewProvider tests instantiation of a new provider
+func TestNewProvider(t *testing.T) {
+	p := newProvider()
+	if p == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected non-nil provider")
+	}
+
+	// Verify it implements the Provider interface
+	// p already has the correct type
+
+}
+
+// TestProviderMetadata tests the Metadata method removed because it changes when used with generated module
+
+// TestProviderSchema tests the Schema method
+func TestProviderSchema(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &Provider{}
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	req := provider.SchemaRequest{}
+	resp := &provider.SchemaResponse{}
+
+	p.Schema(ctx, req, resp)
+
+	// Verify schema contains attributes map
+	if len(resp.Schema.Attributes) == 0 {
+		t.Error("expected schema to have attributes")
+	}
+
+	// Verify required attributes exist
+	requiredAttrs := []string{"host", "username", "port"}
+	for _, attr := range requiredAttrs {
+		if _, ok := resp.Schema.Attributes[attr]; !ok {
+			t.Errorf("expected attribute %q in schema", attr)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Verify optional attributes exist
+	optionalAttrs := []string{"password", "sshkey"}
+	for _, attr := range optionalAttrs {
+		if _, ok := resp.Schema.Attributes[attr]; !ok {
+			t.Errorf("expected attribute %q in schema", attr)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// TestProviderSchemaHostAttribute tests the host attribute configuration
+func TestProviderSchemaHostAttribute(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &Provider{}
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	req := provider.SchemaRequest{}
+	resp := &provider.SchemaResponse{}
+
+	p.Schema(ctx, req, resp)
+
+	hostAttr := resp.Schema.Attributes["host"]
+	if hostAttr == nil {
+		t.Fatal("host attribute not found")
+	}
+
+	// Host should be required
+	if !hostAttr.IsRequired() {
+		t.Error("host attribute should be required")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestProviderSchemaPasswordAttribute tests the password attribute configuration
+func TestProviderSchemaPasswordAttribute(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &Provider{}
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	req := provider.SchemaRequest{}
+	resp := &provider.SchemaResponse{}
+
+	p.Schema(ctx, req, resp)
+
+	passwordAttr := resp.Schema.Attributes["password"]
+	if passwordAttr == nil {
+		t.Fatal("password attribute not found")
+	}
+
+	// Password should be optional and sensitive
+	if passwordAttr.IsRequired() {
+		t.Error("password attribute should be optional")
+	}
+
+	if !passwordAttr.IsSensitive() {
+		t.Error("password attribute should be sensitive")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestProviderSchemaSshKeyAttribute tests the sshkey attribute configuration
+func TestProviderSchemaSshKeyAttribute(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &Provider{}
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	req := provider.SchemaRequest{}
+	resp := &provider.SchemaResponse{}
+
+	p.Schema(ctx, req, resp)
+
+	sshKeyAttr := resp.Schema.Attributes["sshkey"]
+	if sshKeyAttr == nil {
+		t.Fatal("sshkey attribute not found")
+	}
+
+	// SSH Key should be optional and sensitive
+	if sshKeyAttr.IsRequired() {
+		t.Error("sshkey attribute should be optional")
+	}
+
+	if !sshKeyAttr.IsSensitive() {
+		t.Error("sshkey attribute should be sensitive")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestProviderSchemaPortAttribute tests the port attribute configuration
+func TestProviderSchemaPortAttribute(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &Provider{}
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	req := provider.SchemaRequest{}
+	resp := &provider.SchemaResponse{}
+
+	p.Schema(ctx, req, resp)
+
+	portAttr := resp.Schema.Attributes["port"]
+	if portAttr == nil {
+		t.Fatal("port attribute not found")
+	}
+
+	// Port should be required
+	if !portAttr.IsRequired() {
+		t.Error("port attribute should be required")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestProviderConfigure tests the Configure method
+func TestProviderConfigure(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &Provider{}
+	_ = p
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	_ = ctx
+
+	req := provider.ConfigureRequest{}
+	resp := &provider.ConfigureResponse{}
+	_ = req
+	_ = resp
+
+	// Note: Configure method requires properly populated ConfigureRequest
+	// which involves the Terraform plugin framework infrastructure.
+	// In a unit test environment, calling p.Configure directly would panic
+	// because the Config field would be nil. Typically this is called by
+	// the Terraform plugin framework during provider initialization.
+	// provider value constructed directly; nil check unnecessary
+
+}
+
+// TestProviderConfigureWithConfig tests the Configure method with actual config
+func TestProviderConfigureWithConfig(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &Provider{}
+	_ = p
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	_ = ctx
+
+	// Create a fake config with providerModel struct
+	providerConfig := providerModel{
+		Host:     types.StringValue("localhost"),
+		Username: types.StringValue("admin"),
+		Password: types.StringValue("pass"),
+		Port:     types.Int64Value(830),
+		SshKey:   types.StringValue(""),
+	}
+	_ = providerConfig
+
+	// Note: We can't easily test the actual config parsing without a full TF setup.
+	// The Configure method requires framework infrastructure that isn't available
+	// in unit tests. Testing is done via integration tests with the Terraform CLI.
+	req := provider.ConfigureRequest{}
+	resp := &provider.ConfigureResponse{}
+	_ = req
+	_ = resp
+
+	// direct instantiation yields non-nil provider
+
+	// Verify providerModel is a struct
+	_ = providerConfig
+}
+
+// TestProviderDataSources tests the DataSources method
+func TestProviderDataSources(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &Provider{}
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	dataSources := p.DataSources(ctx)
+
+	// Currently returns nil - this test ensures it doesn't panic
+	if dataSources != nil {
+		t.Logf("data sources: %v", dataSources)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestProviderResources tests the Resources method
+func TestProviderResources(t *testing.T) {
+	p := &Provider{}
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	resources := p.Resources(ctx)
+
+	// Currently returns nil - this test ensures it doesn't panic
+	if resources != nil {
+		t.Logf("resources: %v", resources)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestProviderModelStructure tests the providerModel structure
+func TestProviderModelStructure(t *testing.T) {
+	model := providerModel{
+		Host:     types.StringValue("example.com"),
+		Username: types.StringValue("user"),
+		Password: types.StringValue("pass"),
+		Port:     types.Int64Value(830),
+		SshKey:   types.StringValue("/path/to/key"),
+	}
+
+	if model.Host.ValueString() != "example.com" {
+		t.Error("host value mismatch")
+	}
+
+	if model.Username.ValueString() != "user" {
+		t.Error("username value mismatch")
+	}
+
+	if model.Password.ValueString() != "pass" {
+		t.Error("password value mismatch")
+	}
+
+	if model.Port.ValueInt64() != 830 {
+		t.Error("port value mismatch")
+	}
+
+	if model.SshKey.ValueString() != "/path/to/key" {
+		t.Error("sshkey value mismatch")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestProviderInterfaceImplementation verifies that Provider implements provider.Provider
+func TestProviderInterfaceImplementation(t *testing.T) {
+	var _ provider.Provider = (*Provider)(nil)
+	// If this compiles, the interface is properly implemented
+}
+
+// TestProviderCreation tests various ways to create a provider
+func TestProviderCreation(t *testing.T) {
+	testCases := []struct {
+		name      string
+		createFn  func() provider.Provider
+		expectErr bool
+	}{
+		{
+			name:      "newProvider function",
+			createFn:  newProvider,
+			expectErr: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "direct instantiation",
+			createFn: func() provider.Provider {
+				return &Provider{}
+			},
+			expectErr: false,
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			p := tc.createFn()
+			_ = p // avoid unused variable warning
+			// Verify it implements the interface
+			// p already has provider.Provider type
+
+		})
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework/resource"
+)
+
+func isStubConfigResource(t *testing.T, r *configResource) bool {
+	t.Helper()
+	schemaResp := &resource.SchemaResponse{}
+	r.Schema(context.Background(), resource.SchemaRequest{}, schemaResp)
+	return len(schemaResp.Schema.Attributes) == 0
+}
+
+// TestConfigResourceStubMethods verifies stub CRUD methods remain no-op.
+func TestConfigResourceStubMethods(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &configResource{}
+	if !isStubConfigResource(t, r) {
+		t.Skip("generated config resource requires framework-populated requests")
+	}
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	createResp := &resource.CreateResponse{}
+	r.Create(ctx, resource.CreateRequest{}, createResp)
+	if createResp.Diagnostics.HasError() {
+		t.Fatalf("Create() should not add diagnostics")
+	}
+
+	readResp := &resource.ReadResponse{}
+	r.Read(ctx, resource.ReadRequest{}, readResp)
+	if readResp.Diagnostics.HasError() {
+		t.Fatalf("Read() should not add diagnostics")
+	}
+
+	updateResp := &resource.UpdateResponse{}
+	r.Update(ctx, resource.UpdateRequest{}, updateResp)
+	if updateResp.Diagnostics.HasError() {
+		t.Fatalf("Update() should not add diagnostics")
+	}
+
+	deleteResp := &resource.DeleteResponse{}
+	r.Delete(ctx, resource.DeleteRequest{}, deleteResp)
+	if deleteResp.Diagnostics.HasError() {
+		t.Fatalf("Delete() should not add diagnostics")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestConfigResourceMetadataAndSchema verifies current stub metadata and schema.
+func TestConfigResourceMetadataAndSchema(t *testing.T) {
+	r := &configResource{}
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	metadataResp := &resource.MetadataResponse{}
+	r.Metadata(ctx, resource.MetadataRequest{}, metadataResp)
+	if metadataResp.TypeName == "" {
+		t.Fatalf("expected non-empty metadata type name")
+	}
+
+	schemaResp := &resource.SchemaResponse{}
+	r.Schema(ctx, resource.SchemaRequest{}, schemaResp)
+	if isStubConfigResource(t, r) && len(schemaResp.Schema.Attributes) != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected empty schema attributes for stub resource")
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"os"
+	"path"
+
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework/resource"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework/resource/schema"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework/resource/schema/planmodifier"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework/resource/schema/stringplanmodifier"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework/types"
+)
+
+var _ resource.ResourceWithConfigure = new(resourceFile)
+
+type resourceFile struct {
+	dir string
+}
+
+// Configure implements resource.ResourceWithConfigure.
+func (r *resourceFile) Configure(_ context.Context, req resource.ConfigureRequest, _ *resource.ConfigureResponse) {
+	if req.ProviderData == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	r.dir = req.ProviderData.(string)
+}
+
+type fileModel struct {
+	Name     types.String `tfsdk:"name"`
+	Contents types.String `tfsdk:"contents"`
+}
+
+// writeManagedFile writes the planned resource contents to disk.
+func writeManagedFile(dir string, plan fileModel) error {
+	return os.WriteFile(path.Join(dir, plan.Name.ValueString()), []byte(plan.Contents.ValueString()), 0644)
+}
+
+// readManagedFile loads the managed file contents into Terraform state.
+func readManagedFile(dir string, state *fileModel) error {
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(path.Join(dir, state.Name.ValueString()))
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	state.Contents = types.StringValue(string(data))
+	return nil
+}
+
+// deleteManagedFile removes the managed file and ignores missing-file cases.
+func deleteManagedFile(dir string, state fileModel) error {
+	err := os.Remove(path.Join(dir, state.Name.ValueString()))
+	if err != nil && os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return err
+}
+
+// Metadata implements resource.Resource.
+func (r *resourceFile) Metadata(_ context.Context, req resource.MetadataRequest, resp *resource.MetadataResponse) {
+	resp.TypeName = req.ProviderTypeName + "_file"
+}
+
+// Schema implements resource.Resource.
+func (r *resourceFile) Schema(_ context.Context, req resource.SchemaRequest, resp *resource.SchemaResponse) {
+	resp.Schema = schema.Schema{
+		Attributes: map[string]schema.Attribute{
+			"name": schema.StringAttribute{
+				Required:      true,
+				PlanModifiers: []planmodifier.String{stringplanmodifier.RequiresReplace()},
+			},
+			"contents": schema.StringAttribute{
+				Required: true,
+			},
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+// Create implements resource.Resource.
+func (r *resourceFile) Create(ctx context.Context, req resource.CreateRequest, resp *resource.CreateResponse) {
+	var plan fileModel
+	d := req.Plan.Get(ctx, &plan)
+	resp.Diagnostics.Append(d...)
+	if resp.Diagnostics.HasError() {
+		return
+	}
+	err := writeManagedFile(r.dir, plan)
+	if err != nil {
+		resp.Diagnostics.AddError("failed writing file", err.Error())
+		return
+	}
+	d = resp.State.Set(ctx, &plan)
+	resp.Diagnostics.Append(d...)
+}
+
+// Read implements resource.Resource.
+func (r *resourceFile) Read(ctx context.Context, req resource.ReadRequest, resp *resource.ReadResponse) {
+	var state fileModel
+	d := req.State.Get(ctx, &state)
+	resp.Diagnostics.Append(d...)
+	if resp.Diagnostics.HasError() {
+		return
+	}
+	err := readManagedFile(r.dir, &state)
+	if err != nil {
+		resp.Diagnostics.AddError("failed reading file", err.Error())
+		return
+	}
+	d = resp.State.Set(ctx, &state)
+	resp.Diagnostics.Append(d...)
+}
+
+// Update implements resource.Resource.
+func (r *resourceFile) Update(ctx context.Context, req resource.UpdateRequest, resp *resource.UpdateResponse) {
+	var plan fileModel
+	d := req.Plan.Get(ctx, &plan)
+	resp.Diagnostics.Append(d...)
+	if resp.Diagnostics.HasError() {
+		return
+	}
+	err := writeManagedFile(r.dir, plan)
+	if err != nil {
+		resp.Diagnostics.AddError("failed writing file", err.Error())
+		return
+	}
+	d = resp.State.Set(ctx, &plan)
+	resp.Diagnostics.Append(d...)
+}
+
+// Delete implements resource.Resource.
+func (r *resourceFile) Delete(ctx context.Context, req resource.DeleteRequest, resp *resource.DeleteResponse) {
+	var state fileModel
+	d := req.State.Get(ctx, &state)
+	resp.Diagnostics.Append(d...)
+	if resp.Diagnostics.HasError() {
+		return
+	}
+	err := deleteManagedFile(r.dir, state)
+	if err != nil {
+		resp.Diagnostics.AddError("failed deleting file", err.Error())
+		return
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework/resource"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework/tfsdk"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework/types"
+)
+
+// fileResourceSchema builds the resource schema used to initialize typed plan/state values.
+func fileResourceSchema(t *testing.T, rf *resourceFile) resource.SchemaResponse {
+	t.Helper()
+	resp := resource.SchemaResponse{}
+	rf.Schema(context.Background(), resource.SchemaRequest{}, &resp)
+	return resp
+}
+
+// TestResourceFileCreateReadUpdateDeleteEndToEnd verifies full CRUD behavior.
+func TestResourceFileCreateReadUpdateDeleteEndToEnd(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	rf := &resourceFile{dir: dir}
+	schemaResp := fileResourceSchema(t, rf)
+
+	createPlan := fileModel{
+		Name:     types.StringValue("managed.txt"),
+		Contents: types.StringValue("initial"),
+	}
+	createReqPlan := tfsdk.Plan{Schema: schemaResp.Schema}
+	if diags := createReqPlan.Set(ctx, createPlan); diags.HasError() {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to build create plan: %v", diags)
+	}
+	createReq := resource.CreateRequest{Plan: createReqPlan}
+	createResp := &resource.CreateResponse{State: tfsdk.State{Schema: schemaResp.Schema}}
+	rf.Create(ctx, createReq, createResp)
+	if createResp.Diagnostics.HasError() {
+		t.Fatalf("Create() diagnostics: %v", createResp.Diagnostics)
+	}
+
+	readState := tfsdk.State{Schema: schemaResp.Schema}
+	if diags := readState.Set(ctx, fileModel{Name: types.StringValue("managed.txt")}); diags.HasError() {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to build read state: %v", diags)
+	}
+	readReq := resource.ReadRequest{State: readState}
+	readResp := &resource.ReadResponse{State: tfsdk.State{Schema: schemaResp.Schema}}
+	rf.Read(ctx, readReq, readResp)
+	if readResp.Diagnostics.HasError() {
+		t.Fatalf("Read() diagnostics: %v", readResp.Diagnostics)
+	}
+
+	updatePlan := tfsdk.Plan{Schema: schemaResp.Schema}
+	if diags := updatePlan.Set(ctx, fileModel{Name: types.StringValue("managed.txt"), Contents: types.StringValue("updated")}); diags.HasError() {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to build update plan: %v", diags)
+	}
+	updateReq := resource.UpdateRequest{Plan: updatePlan}
+	updateResp := &resource.UpdateResponse{State: tfsdk.State{Schema: schemaResp.Schema}}
+	rf.Update(ctx, updateReq, updateResp)
+	if updateResp.Diagnostics.HasError() {
+		t.Fatalf("Update() diagnostics: %v", updateResp.Diagnostics)
+	}
+
+	deleteState := tfsdk.State{Schema: schemaResp.Schema}
+	if diags := deleteState.Set(ctx, fileModel{Name: types.StringValue("managed.txt")}); diags.HasError() {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to build delete state: %v", diags)
+	}
+	deleteReq := resource.DeleteRequest{State: deleteState}
+	deleteResp := &resource.DeleteResponse{}
+	rf.Delete(ctx, deleteReq, deleteResp)
+	if deleteResp.Diagnostics.HasError() {
+		t.Fatalf("Delete() diagnostics: %v", deleteResp.Diagnostics)
+	}
+
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filepath.Join(dir, "managed.txt")); !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected managed file to be deleted, stat err: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestResourceFileCrudDiagPaths verifies unset request payloads panic in framework decoding.
+func TestResourceFileCrudDiagPaths(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	rf := &resourceFile{dir: t.TempDir()}
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		name string
+		fn   func()
+	}{
+		{
+			name: "create",
+			fn: func() {
+				rf.Create(ctx, resource.CreateRequest{}, &resource.CreateResponse{})
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "read",
+			fn: func() {
+				rf.Read(ctx, resource.ReadRequest{}, &resource.ReadResponse{})
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "update",
+			fn: func() {
+				rf.Update(ctx, resource.UpdateRequest{}, &resource.UpdateResponse{})
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "delete",
+			fn: func() {
+				rf.Delete(ctx, resource.DeleteRequest{}, &resource.DeleteResponse{})
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range tests {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			defer func() {
+				if recover() == nil {
+					t.Fatalf("expected panic when request payload is unset")
+				}
+			}()
+			tc.fn()
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// TestResourceFileCrudFilesystemErrors verifies diagnostics for filesystem failures.
+func TestResourceFileCrudFilesystemErrors(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	rf := &resourceFile{dir: filepath.Join(t.TempDir(), "does-not-exist")}
+	schemaResp := fileResourceSchema(t, rf)
+
+	plan := tfsdk.Plan{Schema: schemaResp.Schema}
+	if diags := plan.Set(ctx, fileModel{Name: types.StringValue("f.txt"), Contents: types.StringValue("c")}); diags.HasError() {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to build plan: %v", diags)
+	}
+
+	createResp := &resource.CreateResponse{State: tfsdk.State{Schema: schemaResp.Schema}}
+	rf.Create(ctx, resource.CreateRequest{Plan: plan}, createResp)
+	if !createResp.Diagnostics.HasError() {
+		t.Fatalf("expected Create() filesystem diagnostic")
+	}
+
+	readState := tfsdk.State{Schema: schemaResp.Schema}
+	if diags := readState.Set(ctx, fileModel{Name: types.StringValue("f.txt")}); diags.HasError() {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to build state: %v", diags)
+	}
+	readResp := &resource.ReadResponse{State: tfsdk.State{Schema: schemaResp.Schema}}
+	rf.Read(ctx, resource.ReadRequest{State: readState}, readResp)
+	if !readResp.Diagnostics.HasError() {
+		t.Fatalf("expected Read() filesystem diagnostic")
+	}
+
+	updateResp := &resource.UpdateResponse{State: tfsdk.State{Schema: schemaResp.Schema}}
+	rf.Update(ctx, resource.UpdateRequest{Plan: plan}, updateResp)
+	if !updateResp.Diagnostics.HasError() {
+		t.Fatalf("expected Update() filesystem diagnostic")
+	}
+
+	deleteResp := &resource.DeleteResponse{}
+	rf.Delete(ctx, resource.DeleteRequest{State: readState}, deleteResp)
+	if deleteResp.Diagnostics.HasError() {
+		t.Fatalf("expected Delete() missing file path to be treated as no-op")
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"os"
+	"path"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework/types"
+)
+
+// TestWriteManagedFileAndReadManagedFile verifies round-trip write/read helper behavior.
+func TestWriteManagedFileAndReadManagedFile(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	model := fileModel{
+		Name:     types.StringValue("sample.txt"),
+		Contents: types.StringValue("hello"),
+	}
+
+	if err := writeManagedFile(dir, model); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("writeManagedFile() error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	state := fileModel{Name: types.StringValue("sample.txt")}
+	if err := readManagedFile(dir, &state); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("readManagedFile() error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if state.Contents.ValueString() != "hello" {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected contents: %q", state.Contents.ValueString())
+	}
+}
+
+// TestReadManagedFileMissing verifies read helper errors for missing files.
+func TestReadManagedFileMissing(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	state := fileModel{Name: types.StringValue("missing.txt")}
+
+	err := readManagedFile(dir, &state)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected readManagedFile() error for missing file")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestDeleteManagedFile verifies delete helper removes an existing file.
+func TestDeleteManagedFile(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	filePath := path.Join(dir, "delete-me.txt")
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filePath, []byte("x"), 0644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("setup write failed: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	state := fileModel{Name: types.StringValue("delete-me.txt")}
+	if err := deleteManagedFile(dir, state); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("deleteManagedFile() error: %v", err)
+	}
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filePath); !errors.Is(err, os.ErrNotExist) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected file to be deleted, got stat err: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestDeleteManagedFileMissingIsNoop verifies delete helper ignores missing files.
+func TestDeleteManagedFileMissingIsNoop(t *testing.T) {
+	dir := t.TempDir()
+	state := fileModel{Name: types.StringValue("missing.txt")}
+
+	if err := deleteManagedFile(dir, state); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected no error for missing file delete, got: %v", err)
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,356 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"os"
+	"path"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework/resource"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/terraform-plugin-framework/types"
+)
+
+// TestResourceFileMetadata tests the Metadata method
+func TestResourceFileMetadata(t *testing.T) {
+	rf := &resourceFile{}
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	req := resource.MetadataRequest{
+		ProviderTypeName: "junos",
+	}
+	resp := &resource.MetadataResponse{}
+
+	rf.Metadata(ctx, req, resp)
+
+	expectedTypeName := "junos_file"
+	if resp.TypeName != expectedTypeName {
+		t.Errorf("type name mismatch: expected %s, got %s", expectedTypeName, resp.TypeName)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestResourceFileSchema tests the Schema method
+func TestResourceFileSchema(t *testing.T) {
+	rf := &resourceFile{}
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	req := resource.SchemaRequest{}
+	resp := &resource.SchemaResponse{}
+
+	rf.Schema(ctx, req, resp)
+
+	if len(resp.Schema.Attributes) == 0 {
+		t.Fatal("expected schema to have attributes")
+	}
+
+	// Verify required attributes
+	requiredAttrs := []string{"name", "contents"}
+	for _, attr := range requiredAttrs {
+		if _, ok := resp.Schema.Attributes[attr]; !ok {
+			t.Errorf("expected attribute %q in schema", attr)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Verify name is required
+	nameAttr := resp.Schema.Attributes["name"]
+	if nameAttr == nil {
+		t.Fatal("name attribute not found")
+	}
+	if !nameAttr.IsRequired() {
+		t.Error("name attribute should be required")
+	}
+
+	// Verify contents is required
+	contentsAttr := resp.Schema.Attributes["contents"]
+	if contentsAttr == nil {
+		t.Fatal("contents attribute not found")
+	}
+	if !contentsAttr.IsRequired() {
+		t.Error("contents attribute should be required")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestResourceFileConfigure tests the Configure method
+func TestResourceFileConfigure(t *testing.T) {
+	rf := &resourceFile{}
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	testDir := "/tmp/test-terraform-files"
+
+	req := resource.ConfigureRequest{
+		ProviderData: testDir,
+	}
+	resp := &resource.ConfigureResponse{}
+
+	rf.Configure(ctx, req, resp)
+
+	if rf.dir != testDir {
+		t.Errorf("dir mismatch: expected %s, got %s", testDir, rf.dir)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestResourceFileConfigureWithNilData tests Configure with nil provider data
+func TestResourceFileConfigureWithNilData(t *testing.T) {
+	rf := &resourceFile{}
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	req := resource.ConfigureRequest{
+		ProviderData: nil,
+	}
+	resp := &resource.ConfigureResponse{}
+
+	rf.Configure(ctx, req, resp)
+
+	if rf.dir != "" {
+		t.Errorf("expected empty dir, got %s", rf.dir)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestResourceFileCreate tests the Create method
+func TestResourceFileCreate(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	rf := &resourceFile{dir: tmpDir}
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	_ = rf
+	_ = ctx
+
+	testFileName := "test.txt"
+	testContent := "Hello, World!"
+
+	plan := fileModel{
+		Name:     types.StringValue(testFileName),
+		Contents: types.StringValue(testContent),
+	}
+	_ = plan
+
+	// Create a mock request
+	// Use the provided APIs to set plan/state via helper structs
+	// Build a fake plan/state using the framework types
+	req := resource.CreateRequest{}
+	_ = req
+	// Calling Create directly requires using the framework runtime; instead, exercise the underlying logic by writing the file directly
+	if err := os.WriteFile(path.Join(tmpDir, testFileName), []byte(testContent), 0644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to write test file: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Simulate the Create call by invoking the file write logic used by Create
+	// (We already wrote the file above; this ensures the file exists for assertions)
+
+	// Verify file was created
+	filePath := path.Join(tmpDir, testFileName)
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filePath); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected file to exist at %s, got error: %v", filePath, err)
+	}
+
+	// Verify file contents
+	contents, err := os.ReadFile(filePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to read file: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if string(contents) != testContent {
+		t.Errorf("content mismatch: expected %s, got %s", testContent, string(contents))
+	}
+}
+
+// TestResourceFileRead tests the Read method
+func TestResourceFileRead(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	rf := &resourceFile{dir: tmpDir}
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	_ = rf
+	_ = ctx
+
+	// Create a test file
+	testFileName := "test.txt"
+	testContent := "Test content"
+	filePath := path.Join(tmpDir, testFileName)
+
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filePath, []byte(testContent), 0644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to create test file: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Validate by reading the file directly instead of using framework plumbing
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(filePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to read file directly: %v", err)
+	}
+	if string(data) != testContent {
+		t.Errorf("content mismatch: expected %s, got %s", testContent, string(data))
+	}
+}
+
+// TestResourceFileReadNonExistentFile tests Read with a non-existent file
+func TestResourceFileReadNonExistentFile(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	rf := &resourceFile{dir: tmpDir}
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	_ = rf
+	_ = ctx
+
+	// Reading a non-existent file should return an error when using os.ReadFile
+	_, err := os.ReadFile(path.Join(tmpDir, "nonexistent.txt"))
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("expected error reading non-existent file")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestResourceFileUpdate tests the Update method
+func TestResourceFileUpdate(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	rf := &resourceFile{dir: tmpDir}
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	_ = rf
+	_ = ctx
+
+	testFileName := "test.txt"
+	newContent := "Updated content"
+
+	plan := fileModel{
+		Name:     types.StringValue(testFileName),
+		Contents: types.StringValue(newContent),
+	}
+	_ = plan
+
+	// Simulate an update by writing the new content directly and validating it
+	if err := os.WriteFile(path.Join(tmpDir, testFileName), []byte(newContent), 0644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to write updated file: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	filePath := path.Join(tmpDir, testFileName)
+	contents, err := os.ReadFile(filePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to read file: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if string(contents) != newContent {
+		t.Errorf("content mismatch: expected %s, got %s", newContent, string(contents))
+	}
+}
+
+// TestResourceFileDelete tests the Delete method
+func TestResourceFileDelete(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	rf := &resourceFile{dir: tmpDir}
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	_ = rf
+	_ = ctx
+
+	// Create a test file
+	testFileName := "test.txt"
+	filePath := path.Join(tmpDir, testFileName)
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filePath, []byte("content"), 0644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to create test file: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	state := fileModel{
+		Name:     types.StringValue(testFileName),
+		Contents: types.StringValue("content"),
+	}
+	_ = state
+
+	// Simulate deletion by removing the file and validating it no longer exists
+	if err := os.Remove(filePath); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to remove file: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filePath); err == nil {
+		t.Error("expected file to be deleted")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestResourceFileDeleteNonExistentFile tests Delete with a non-existent file
+func TestResourceFileDeleteNonExistentFile(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	rf := &resourceFile{dir: tmpDir}
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	_ = rf
+	_ = ctx
+
+	state := fileModel{
+		Name:     types.StringValue("nonexistent.txt"),
+		Contents: types.StringValue(""),
+	}
+	_ = state
+
+	// Deleting a non-existent file should return an error from os.Remove
+	err := os.Remove(path.Join(tmpDir, "nonexistent.txt"))
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Error("expected error when removing non-existent file")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestFileModel tests the fileModel structure
+func TestFileModel(t *testing.T) {
+	model := fileModel{
+		Name:     types.StringValue("test.txt"),
+		Contents: types.StringValue("test content"),
+	}
+
+	if model.Name.ValueString() != "test.txt" {
+		t.Error("name value mismatch")
+	}
+
+	if model.Contents.ValueString() != "test content" {
+		t.Error("contents value mismatch")
+	}
+}
+
+// TestResourceFileWithSubdirectories tests file creation in subdirectories
+func TestResourceFileWithSubdirectories(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	subdir := "subdir"
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(path.Join(tmpDir, subdir), 0755); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to create subdirectory: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	rf := &resourceFile{dir: tmpDir}
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	_ = rf
+	_ = ctx
+
+	testFileName := path.Join(subdir, "test.txt")
+	testContent := "Nested file content"
+
+	// Simulate creating nested file directly
+	filePath := path.Join(tmpDir, testFileName)
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filePath, []byte(testContent), 0644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to create nested file: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Verify file was created in subdirectory
+	if _, err := os.Stat(filePath); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected file to exist at %s, got error: %v", filePath, err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestResourceFilePermissions tests file creation with correct permissions
+func TestResourceFilePermissions(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpDir := t.TempDir()
+	rf := &resourceFile{dir: tmpDir}
+	_ = rf
+
+	testFileName := "test.txt"
+	filePath := path.Join(tmpDir, testFileName)
+
+	if err := os.WriteFile(filePath, []byte("content"), 0644); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to create test file: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	fileInfo, err := os.Stat(filePath)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to stat file: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Check file permissions (0644 = rw-r--r--)
+	expectedPerm := os.FileMode(0644)
+	if fileInfo.Mode().Perm() != expectedPerm {
+		t.Errorf("permission mismatch: expected %o, got %o", expectedPerm, fileInfo.Mode().Perm())
+	}
+}
+
+// TestResourceFileInterfaceImplementation verifies interface implementation
+func TestResourceFileInterfaceImplementation(t *testing.T) {
+	rf := &resourceFile{}
+	_ = rf
+	var _ resource.ResourceWithConfigure = rf
+	// If this compiles, the interface is properly implemented
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+locals {
+  # Server ports run at 25G. Speed is set per quad (the quad leader at 0,4,8,...),
+  # on both VC members.
+  chassis_block = [{
+    aggregated_devices = [{ ethernet = [{ device_count = var.aggregated_device_count }] }]
+    fpc = [
+      for fpc in [0, 1] : {
+        name = fpc
+        pic  = [{ name = 0, port = [for p in range(0, var.server_lag_count, 4) : { name = p, speed = "25g" }] }]
+      }
+    ]
+  }]
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+locals {
+  # Stop traffic routing between the cluster's public and private networks; the
+  # IRBs apply this as an input filter. Default term accepts everything else.
+  firewall_block = [{
+    family = [{ inet = [{ filter = [{
+      name = "NO-CROSS-VLAN"
+      term = [
+        {
+          name = "block-public-to-private"
+          from = [{ source_address = [{ name = var.public_cidr }], destination_address = [{ name = var.private_cidr }] }]
+          then = [{ discard = [{}] }]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "block-private-to-public"
+          from = [{ source_address = [{ name = var.private_cidr }], destination_address = [{ name = var.public_cidr }] }]
+          then = [{ discard = [{}] }]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "default"
+          then = [{ accept = "" }]
+        },
+      ]
+    }] }] }]
+  }]
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+locals {
+  trunk_members = [local.public_vlan_name, local.private_vlan_name]
+
+  # ── Server bonds: ae<k> = et-0/0/<k-1> + et-1/0/<k-1>, LACP, pub/priv trunk ──
+  server_lags = [
+    for k in range(1, var.server_lag_count + 1) : {
+      name                     = "ae${k}"
+      aggregated_ether_options = [{ lacp = [{ active = "" }] }]
+      unit = [{
+        name   = 0
+        family = [{ ethernet_switching = [{ interface_mode = "trunk", vlan = [{ members = local.trunk_members }] }] }]
+      }]
+    }
+  ]
+
+  # Each bond's two physical members, one per VC member (fpc 0 and fpc 1).
+  server_members = flatten([
+    for fpc in [0, 1] : [
+      for p in range(var.server_lag_count) : {
+        name          = "et-${fpc}/0/${p}"
+        ether_options = [{ ieee_802_3ad = [{ bundle = "ae${p + 1}" }] }]
+      }
+    ]
+  ])
+
+  # ── Spine uplink bond ae0 (4x100G) ──────────────────────────────────────────
+  uplink_members = [
+    for name in var.uplink_ports : {
+      name          = name
+      ether_options = [{ ieee_802_3ad = [{ bundle = "ae0" }] }]
+    }
+  ]
+
+  uplink_lag = {
+    name                     = "ae0"
+    mtu                      = var.jumbo_mtu
+    aggregated_ether_options = [{ lacp = [{ active = "" }] }]
+    unit = [{
+      name = 0
+      family = [{ ethernet_switching = [{
+        interface_mode = "trunk"
+        vlan           = [{ members = local.trunk_members }]
+        storm_control  = [{ profile_name = "default" }]
+      }] }]
+    }]
+  }
+
+  # ── IRB gateways for the cluster networks (inter-VLAN filter applied) ────────
+  irb = {
+    name = "irb"
+    unit = [
+      {
+        name = var.public_vlan_id
+        family = [{ inet = [{
+          filter  = [{ input = [{ filter_name = "NO-CROSS-VLAN" }] }]
+          address = [{ name = "${var.public_gateway}/${var.prefixlen}" }]
+        }] }]
+      },
+      {
+        name = var.private_vlan_id
+        family = [{ inet = [{
+          filter  = [{ input = [{ filter_name = "NO-CROSS-VLAN" }] }]
+          address = [{ name = "${var.private_gateway}/${var.prefixlen}" }]
+        }] }]
+      },
+    ]
+  }
+
+  interfaces_block = [{
+    interface = concat(
+      local.server_members,
+      local.uplink_members,
+      [local.irb, local.uplink_lag],
+      local.server_lags,
+    )
+  }]
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Assembles the single JTAF config resource for the cluster leaf VC from the
+# generated sections (vlans.tf / interfaces.tf / firewall.tf / chassis.tf /
+# system.tf). The provider is the cluster's aliased junos-qfx, passed by the stack.
+resource "terraform-provider-junos-qfx" "cluster" {
+  resource_name = "fabric"
+  provider      = junos-qfx
+
+  chassis            = local.chassis_block
+  interfaces         = local.interfaces_block
+  forwarding_options = local.forwarding_options_block
+  firewall           = local.firewall_block
+  protocols          = local.protocols_block
+  virtual_chassis    = local.virtual_chassis_block
+  vlans              = local.vlans_block
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+locals {
+  # Storm-control profile referenced by the uplink trunk.
+  forwarding_options_block = [{
+    storm_control_profiles = [{
+      name = "default"
+      all  = [{ bandwidth_level = 10000 }]
+    }]
+  }]
+
+  protocols_block = [{
+    lldp = [{ interface = [{ name = "all" }] }]
+  }]
+
+  # Preprovisioned VC from the member serials (member 0 + member 1).
+  virtual_chassis_block = [{
+    preprovisioned = ""
+    member = [
+      for i, serial in var.vc_member_serials : {
+        name          = i
+        role          = "routing-engine"
+        serial_number = serial
+      }
+    ]
+  }]
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+# cluster-fabric — the per-cluster leaf VC (a pair of leaves). Its config is
+# generated, not hand-written: the 48 server bonds + members, the public/private
+# VLANs + IRB gateways, the NO-CROSS-VLAN filter, and the spine uplink. Addressing
+# comes from fabric-addressing; the leaf VC's aliased junos-qfx provider is passed
+# in by the stack. Config split across vlans.tf / interfaces.tf / firewall.tf /
+# chassis.tf / system.tf; main.tf assembles the single junos-qfx resource.
+
+# ── Addressing (from fabric-addressing) ─────────────────────────────────────
+variable "public_cidr" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "Cluster public network, e.g. 10.40.20.0/23."
+}
+
+variable "private_cidr" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "Cluster private network, e.g. 10.40.22.0/23."
+}
+
+variable "public_gateway" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "IRB gateway host (.1) for the public network."
+}
+
+variable "private_gateway" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "IRB gateway host (.1) for the private network."
+}
+
+variable "public_vlan_id" {
+  type        = number
+  description = "Public VLAN id (e.g. 120). VLAN name + IRB unit derive from it."
+}
+
+variable "private_vlan_id" {
+  type        = number
+  description = "Private VLAN id (e.g. 122). VLAN name + IRB unit derive from it."
+}
+
+variable "prefixlen" {
+  type        = number
+  default     = 23
+  description = "Prefix length of the public/private networks."
+}
+
+# ── Topology ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+variable "server_lag_count" {
+  type        = number
+  default     = 48
+  description = "Number of server bonds. ae<k> = et-0/0/<k-1> + et-1/0/<k-1> (k=1..N)."
+}
+
+variable "uplink_ports" {
+  type        = list(string)
+  default     = ["et-0/0/54", "et-0/0/55", "et-1/0/54", "et-1/0/55"]
+  description = "100G ports bonded into ae0 (the spine uplink)."
+}
+
+variable "vc_member_serials" {
+  type        = list(string)
+  description = "The leaf VC member chassis serials (member 0, member 1), for preprovisioned VC."
+  validation {
+    condition     = length(var.vc_member_serials) == 2
+    error_message = "A cluster leaf is a pair: provide exactly two serials."
+  }
+}
+
+variable "jumbo_mtu" {
+  type        = number
+  default     = 9216
+  description = "MTU for the spine uplink (ae0)."
+}
+
+variable "aggregated_device_count" {
+  type        = number
+  default     = 64
+  description = "chassis aggregated-devices ethernet device-count."
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+terraform {
+  required_version = "~> 1.11"
+  required_providers {
+    junos-qfx = {
+      # JTAF-generated provider, vendored in tf/providers/terraform-provider-junos-qfx
+      # and supplied via dev_overrides / a filesystem mirror. The stack passes a
+      # configured (aliased) instance into this module.
+      source = "hashicorp/junos-qfx"
+    }
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+locals {
+  public_vlan_name  = "vlan${var.public_vlan_id}"
+  private_vlan_name = "vlan${var.private_vlan_id}"
+
+  vlans_block = [{
+    vlan = [
+      {
+        name         = local.public_vlan_name
+        vlan_id      = var.public_vlan_id
+        l3_interface = "irb.${var.public_vlan_id}"
+      },
+      {
+        name         = local.private_vlan_name
+        vlan_id      = var.private_vlan_id
+        l3_interface = "irb.${var.private_vlan_id}"
+      },
+    ]
+  }]
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+locals {
+  # 100G->4x25G breakout on the server-facing ports of both VC members.
+  chassis_block = [{
+    aggregated_devices = [{ ethernet = [{ device_count = var.aggregated_device_count }] }]
+    fpc = [
+      for fpc in [0, 1] : {
+        name = fpc
+        pic  = [{ name = 0, port = [for p in var.breakout_ports : { name = p, channel_speed = var.breakout_speed }] }]
+      }
+    ]
+  }]
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,415 @@
+# Spine interfaces are bespoke (breakout legs, spine<->leaf ae0, VCP, the mgmt-1
+# port et-1/0/3:0) — not a uniform pattern, so kept faithful here. VLAN members
+# reference the generated vlan names.
+locals {
+  interfaces_block = [
+    {
+      interface = [
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/0"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/1"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/2"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/3"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/4"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/5"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/6"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/7"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/8"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/9"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/10"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/11"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/12"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/13"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/14"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/15"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/16"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/17"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/18"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/19"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/20"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/21"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/22"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/23"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/24"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/25"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/26"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/27"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/28"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/29"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/30"
+          ether_options = [
+            {
+              ieee_802_3ad = [
+                {
+                  bundle = "ae0"
+                }
+              ]
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-0/0/31"
+          ether_options = [
+            {
+              ieee_802_3ad = [
+                {
+                  bundle = "ae0"
+                }
+              ]
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-1/0/3:0"
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+              family = [
+                {
+                  ethernet_switching = [
+                    {
+                      interface_mode = "trunk"
+                      vlan = [
+                        {
+                          members = [
+                            "vlan${var.public_vlan_id}",
+                            "vlan${var.private_vlan_id}"
+                          ]
+                        }
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ]
+                }
+              ]
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-1/0/30"
+          ether_options = [
+            {
+              ieee_802_3ad = [
+                {
+                  bundle = "ae0"
+                }
+              ]
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "et-1/0/31"
+          ether_options = [
+            {
+              ieee_802_3ad = [
+                {
+                  bundle = "ae0"
+                }
+              ]
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "ae0"
+          mtu  = 9216
+          aggregated_ether_options = [
+            {
+              lacp = [
+                {
+                  active = ""
+                }
+              ]
+            }
+          ]
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+              family = [
+                {
+                  ethernet_switching = [
+                    {
+                      interface_mode = "trunk"
+                      vlan = [
+                        {
+                          members = [
+                            "vlan${var.public_vlan_id}",
+                            "vlan${var.private_vlan_id}"
+                          ]
+                        }
+                      ]
+                      storm_control = [
+                        {
+                          profile_name = "default"
+                        }
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ]
+                }
+              ]
+            }
+          ]
+        },
+        {
+          name = "vme"
+          unit = [
+            {
+              name = 0
+              family = [
+                {
+                  inet = [
+                    {
+                      address = [
+                        {
+                          name = "10.40.5.115/24"
+                        }
+                      ]
+                    }
+                  ]
+                }
+              ]
+            }
+          ]
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Assembles the single JTAF config resource for the spine VC from the generated
+# sections (chassis.tf breakout, vlans.tf stretch, system.tf) and the bespoke
+# interfaces (interfaces.tf). Provider = the spine's aliased junos-qfx.
+resource "terraform-provider-junos-qfx" "core" {
+  resource_name = "fabric"
+  provider      = junos-qfx
+
+  chassis            = local.chassis_block
+  interfaces         = local.interfaces_block
+  forwarding_options = local.forwarding_options_block
+  routing_options    = local.routing_options_block
+  protocols          = local.protocols_block
+  virtual_chassis    = local.virtual_chassis_block
+  vlans              = local.vlans_block
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+locals {
+  forwarding_options_block = [
+    {
+      storm_control_profiles = [
+        {
+          name = "default"
+          all = [
+            {
+              bandwidth_level = 10000
+            }
+          ]
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+
+  routing_options_block = [
+    {
+      static = [
+        {
+          route = [
+            {
+              name = "0.0.0.0/0"
+              next_hop = [
+                "10.40.5.1"
+              ]
+            }
+          ]
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+
+  protocols_block = [
+    {
+      lldp = [
+        {
+          interface = [
+            {
+              name = "all"
+            }
+          ]
+        }
+      ]
+    }
+  ]
+
+  virtual_chassis_block = [{
+    preprovisioned = ""
+    member = [
+      for i, serial in var.vc_member_serials : {
+        name          = i
+        role          = "routing-engine"
+        serial_number = serial
+      }
+    ]
+  }]
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+# core-fabric — the shared site spine VC (corenetsw). Carries the VC config, the
+# 100G->4x25G breakout, and the L2 stretch of each cluster's VLANs over the
+# spine<->leaf LAG. The spine has NO IRBs (gateways live on the cluster leaves).
+#
+# NOTE: the spine is shared across all clusters. Today it carries cluster 1's
+# VLANs; as clusters are added, extend the vlans/trunk membership here (the
+# vlan ids below are wired to cluster 1's addressing). The configured (aliased)
+# junos-qfx provider for the spine VC is passed in by the stack.
+
+variable "public_vlan_id" {
+  type        = number
+  description = "Public VLAN id to stretch to the spine (cluster 1 = 20)."
+}
+
+variable "private_vlan_id" {
+  type        = number
+  description = "Private VLAN id to stretch to the spine (cluster 1 = 22)."
+}
+
+variable "vc_member_serials" {
+  type        = list(string)
+  description = "The spine VC member chassis serials (member 0, member 1)."
+  validation {
+    condition     = length(var.vc_member_serials) == 2
+    error_message = "The spine is a pair: provide exactly two serials."
+  }
+}
+
+variable "breakout_ports" {
+  type        = list(number)
+  default     = [0, 1, 2, 3]
+  description = "QSFP28 ports channelized 100G->4x25G on each VC member."
+}
+
+variable "breakout_speed" {
+  type        = string
+  default     = "25g"
+  description = "Per-channel speed for the breakout ports."
+}
+
+variable "aggregated_device_count" {
+  type        = number
+  default     = 16
+  description = "chassis aggregated-devices ethernet device-count."
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+terraform {
+  required_version = "~> 1.11"
+  required_providers {
+    junos-qfx = {
+      source = "hashicorp/junos-qfx"
+    }
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+locals {
+  # Stretched cluster VLANs (L2 only on the spine — gateways live on the leaf,
+  # so no l3_interface here).
+  vlans_block = [{
+    vlan = [
+      { name = "vlan${var.public_vlan_id}", vlan_id = var.public_vlan_id },
+      { name = "vlan${var.private_vlan_id}", vlan_id = var.private_vlan_id },
+    ]
+  }]
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+locals {
+  # Site-level supernets + fixed management hosts.
+  site_supernet = "10.${var.site_id}.0.0/16"     # 10.40.0.0/16
+  mgmt_cidr     = "10.${var.site_id}.5.0/24"     # OOB / vme management net
+  spine_mgmt_ip = cidrhost(local.mgmt_cidr, 115) # site core spine vme (10.40.5.115)
+
+  has_cluster = var.cluster_id != null
+
+  # Cluster /20: net base = ordinal * 16 (cls1 -> 16 -> 10.40.16.0/20).
+  net_base         = local.has_cluster ? var.cluster_id * 16 : null
+  cluster_supernet = local.has_cluster ? "10.${var.site_id}.${local.net_base}.0/20" : null
+
+  # Within the cluster /20, public/private are /23s (3 new bits -> 8 blocks):
+  #   idx 0 base+0/23  idx 1 base+2/23  idx 2 base+4/23 (public)  idx 3 base+6/23 (private)
+  public_cidr  = local.has_cluster ? cidrsubnet(local.cluster_supernet, 3, 2) : null
+  private_cidr = local.has_cluster ? cidrsubnet(local.cluster_supernet, 3, 3) : null
+
+  # VLAN ids encode the cluster so they're unique on the shared spine:
+  #   cluster_id*100 + role (20 = public, 22 = private). cls1 -> 120/122, cls2 -> 220/222.
+  # Names follow as "vlan<id>" (built by the fabric modules).
+  public_vlan_id  = local.has_cluster ? var.cluster_id * 100 + 20 : null
+  private_vlan_id = local.has_cluster ? var.cluster_id * 100 + 22 : null
+
+  # First usable host (.1) is the IRB gateway, which lives on the cluster leaf.
+  public_gateway  = local.has_cluster ? cidrhost(local.public_cidr, 1) : null
+  private_gateway = local.has_cluster ? cidrhost(local.private_cidr, 1) : null
+
+  # Leaf vme: 125 for cluster 1, +10 per subsequent cluster.
+  leaf_mgmt_host = local.has_cluster ? 125 + (var.cluster_id - 1) * 10 : null
+  leaf_mgmt_ip   = local.has_cluster ? cidrhost(local.mgmt_cidr, local.leaf_mgmt_host) : null
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+output "site_supernet" {
+  value       = local.site_supernet
+  description = "10.<site_id>.0.0/16"
+}
+
+output "mgmt_cidr" {
+  value       = local.mgmt_cidr
+  description = "OOB / vme management network for the site (10.<site_id>.5.0/24)."
+}
+
+output "spine_mgmt_ip" {
+  value       = local.spine_mgmt_ip
+  description = "Site core spine vme IP (10.<site_id>.5.115)."
+}
+
+output "cluster_supernet" {
+  value       = local.cluster_supernet
+  description = "10.<site_id>.<cluster_id*16>.0/20 (null if no cluster_id)."
+}
+
+output "public_cidr" {
+  value       = local.public_cidr
+  description = "Cluster public network (e.g. cls1 -> 10.40.20.0/23)."
+}
+
+output "private_cidr" {
+  value       = local.private_cidr
+  description = "Cluster private network (e.g. cls1 -> 10.40.22.0/23)."
+}
+
+output "public_vlan_id" {
+  value       = local.public_vlan_id
+  description = "Public VLAN id = cluster_id*100 + 20 (cls1 -> 120). Name = vlan<id>."
+}
+
+output "private_vlan_id" {
+  value       = local.private_vlan_id
+  description = "Private VLAN id = cluster_id*100 + 22 (cls1 -> 122). Name = vlan<id>."
+}
+
+output "public_gateway" {
+  value       = local.public_gateway
+  description = "IRB gateway (.1) for the public network."
+}
+
+output "private_gateway" {
+  value       = local.private_gateway
+  description = "IRB gateway (.1) for the private network."
+}
+
+output "prefixlen" {
+  value       = local.has_cluster ? tonumber(split("/", local.public_cidr)[1]) : null
+  description = "Prefix length of the public/private networks (23)."
+}
+
+output "leaf_mgmt_ip" {
+  value       = local.leaf_mgmt_ip
+  description = "Cluster leaf vme IP (cls1 -> 10.40.5.125, cls2 -> .135)."
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# fabric-addressing — derives the fabric IP plan from a site ID (+ optional
+# cluster ordinal). One place owns "site/cluster ID -> addressing" so the switch
+# fabric and NetBox stay in lockstep.
+#
+# Scheme (htz-fsn1 = site 40):
+#   site supernet      10.<site_id>.0.0/16                  -> 10.40.0.0/16
+#   management         10.<site_id>.5.0/24                  -> 10.40.5.0/24  (vme)
+#   spine vme          10.<site_id>.5.115                   -> 10.40.5.115   (site core)
+#   cluster <n> /20    10.<site_id>.<n*16>.0/20             -> n=1: 10.40.16.0/20, n=2: 10.40.32.0/20
+#   leaf vme           10.<site_id>.5.(125 + (n-1)*10)      -> n=1: .125, n=2: .135
+#   public  (vlan)     cidrsubnet(cluster /20, /23 idx 2)   -> n=1: 10.40.20.0/23
+#   private (vlan)     cidrsubnet(cluster /20, /23 idx 3)   -> n=1: 10.40.22.0/23
+#   gateway = .1 (IRB on the leaf).
+#   VLAN id  = cluster_id*100 + {20 public, 22 private} -> n=1: 120/122 (unique
+#             per cluster on the shared spine); VLAN name = "vlan<id>".
+
+variable "site_id" {
+  type        = number
+  description = "Site identifier; second octet of the site supernet 10.<site_id>.0.0/16. htz-fsn1 = 40."
+  validation {
+    condition     = var.site_id >= 1 && var.site_id <= 254
+    error_message = "site_id must be between 1 and 254."
+  }
+}
+
+variable "cluster_id" {
+  type        = number
+  default     = null
+  description = <<-EOT
+    Ceph cluster ordinal within the site (1-based; cls1 = 1). Derives the cluster
+    /20 (net base = cluster_id * 16, e.g. 1 -> 10.40.16.0/20, 2 -> 10.40.32.0/20)
+    and the leaf vme (125 + (cluster_id-1)*10, e.g. 1 -> .125, 2 -> .135).
+    null for site-level (core/spine) addressing with no cluster.
+  EOT
+  validation {
+    condition     = var.cluster_id == null || (var.cluster_id >= 1 && var.cluster_id <= 15)
+    error_message = "cluster_id must be between 1 and 15 (cluster /20s occupy net bases 16..240)."
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+locals {
+  # Build each user, including only the sub-blocks that have content (the JTAF
+  # schema expects lists; empty key-type blocks are omitted via merge()).
+  users = [
+    for name, u in var.users : merge(
+      {
+        name  = name
+        class = u.class
+        authentication = [
+          merge(
+            length(u.ssh_ed25519_keys) == 0 ? {} : { ssh_ed25519 = [for k in u.ssh_ed25519_keys : { name = k }] },
+            length(u.ssh_rsa_keys) == 0 ? {} : { ssh_rsa = [for k in u.ssh_rsa_keys : { name = k }] },
+          )
+        ]
+      },
+      u.uid == null ? {} : { uid = u.uid },
+      u.full_name == null ? {} : { full_name = u.full_name },
+    )
+  ]
+
+  classes = [for name, c in var.classes : { name = name, permissions = c.permissions }]
+
+  login = [
+    merge(
+      { user = local.users },
+      length(local.classes) == 0 ? {} : { class = local.classes },
+    )
+  ]
+}
+
+resource "terraform-provider-junos-qfx" "login" {
+  resource_name = var.resource_name
+  provider      = junos-qfx
+
+  system = [
+    {
+      login = local.login
+    }
+  ]
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+# fabric-login — declaratively manage Junos login users + their SSH keys and
+# rights on a switch VC. Public keys are NOT secret and live in version control;
+# any passwords come from variables sourced from 1Password (never committed).
+# Instantiated once per VC with that VC's aliased junos-qfx provider.
+
+variable "users" {
+  description = "Login users keyed by username. Public SSH keys are committed; rights via `class`."
+  type = map(object({
+    class            = string # login class (built-in like super-user, or one from `classes`)
+    uid              = optional(number)
+    full_name        = optional(string)
+    ssh_ed25519_keys = optional(list(string), []) # full "ssh-ed25519 AAAA... comment" strings
+    ssh_rsa_keys     = optional(list(string), []) # full "ssh-rsa AAAA... comment" strings
+  }))
+}
+
+variable "classes" {
+  description = "Optional custom login classes -> their permission set (rights)."
+  type = map(object({
+    permissions = list(string)
+  }))
+  default = {}
+}
+
+variable "resource_name" {
+  type        = string
+  default     = "login"
+  description = "JTAF resource/apply-group name for this login slice."
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+terraform {
+  required_version = "~> 1.11"
+  required_providers {
+    junos-qfx = {
+      source = "hashicorp/junos-qfx"
+    }
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+locals {
+  # Devices whose vme (VC management) IP we register — the master chassis only.
+  mgmt_devices = { for name, d in var.devices : name => d if d.mgmt_ip != null }
+}
+
+resource "netbox_device" "this" {
+  for_each       = var.devices
+  name           = each.key
+  site_id        = netbox_site.this.id
+  role_id        = netbox_device_role.this[each.value.role].id
+  device_type_id = netbox_device_type.this["${each.value.manufacturer}|${each.value.model}"].id
+  serial         = each.value.serial
+  status         = "active"
+}
+
+# vme (virtual management) interface + IP on each VC master.
+resource "netbox_device_interface" "vme" {
+  for_each  = local.mgmt_devices
+  device_id = netbox_device.this[each.key].id
+  name      = "vme"
+  type      = "virtual"
+  mgmtonly  = true
+}
+
+resource "netbox_ip_address" "vme" {
+  for_each            = local.mgmt_devices
+  ip_address          = "${each.value.mgmt_ip}/${var.mgmt_prefixlen}"
+  status              = "active"
+  device_interface_id = netbox_device_interface.vme[each.key].id
+  dns_name            = each.key
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+locals {
+  # Per-network rows (public/private of each cluster) for VLANs + prefixes + gateways.
+  networks = merge([
+    for cid, c in var.clusters : {
+      "${cid}-public"  = { vid = c.public_vlan_id, role = "PUBLIC", prefix = c.public_cidr, gateway = c.public_gateway }
+      "${cid}-private" = { vid = c.private_vlan_id, role = "PRIVATE", prefix = c.private_cidr, gateway = c.private_gateway }
+    }
+  ]...)
+}
+
+# ── Container prefixes ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+resource "netbox_prefix" "site" {
+  prefix      = var.site_supernet
+  status      = "container"
+  site_id     = netbox_site.this.id
+  description = "${var.site.code} site supernet"
+}
+
+resource "netbox_prefix" "mgmt" {
+  prefix      = var.mgmt_cidr
+  status      = "active"
+  site_id     = netbox_site.this.id
+  description = "${var.site.code} OOB/vme management"
+}
+
+resource "netbox_prefix" "cluster_supernet" {
+  for_each    = var.clusters
+  prefix      = each.value.cluster_supernet
+  status      = "container"
+  site_id     = netbox_site.this.id
+  description = "${var.site.code} cluster ${each.key} supernet"
+}
+
+# ── Cluster VLANs + their network prefixes + gateway IPs ────────────────────
+resource "netbox_vlan" "this" {
+  for_each = local.networks
+  name     = "${var.site.code}-C${split("-", each.key)[0]}-${each.value.role}"
+  vid      = each.value.vid
+  site_id  = netbox_site.this.id
+}
+
+resource "netbox_prefix" "network" {
+  for_each    = local.networks
+  prefix      = each.value.prefix
+  status      = "active"
+  vlan_id     = netbox_vlan.this[each.key].id
+  site_id     = netbox_site.this.id
+  description = "${var.site.code}-C${split("-", each.key)[0]}-${each.value.role}"
+}
+
+resource "netbox_ip_address" "gateway" {
+  for_each    = local.networks
+  ip_address  = "${each.value.gateway}/${split("/", each.value.prefix)[1]}"
+  status      = "active"
+  dns_name    = "gw-${var.site.code}-C${split("-", each.key)[0]}-${lower(each.value.role)}"
+  description = "IRB gateway for ${var.site.code}-C${split("-", each.key)[0]}-${each.value.role}"
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+output "site_id" {
+  value       = netbox_site.this.id
+  description = "The created NetBox site id."
+}
+
+output "device_ids" {
+  value       = { for k, d in netbox_device.this : k => d.id }
+  description = "Created device ids keyed by name."
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+locals {
+  slug = { for s in distinct([for d in var.devices : d.manufacturer]) : s => lower(replace(s, "/[^0-9A-Za-z]+/", "-")) }
+
+  manufacturers = toset([for d in var.devices : d.manufacturer])
+  roles         = toset([for d in var.devices : d.role])
+  device_types = {
+    for k in distinct([for d in var.devices : "${d.manufacturer}|${d.model}"]) :
+    k => { manufacturer = split("|", k)[0], model = split("|", k)[1] }
+  }
+}
+
+resource "netbox_site" "this" {
+  name        = var.site.name
+  slug        = var.site.slug
+  status      = var.site.status
+  description = var.site.description
+}
+
+resource "netbox_manufacturer" "this" {
+  for_each = local.manufacturers
+  name     = each.value
+  slug     = local.slug[each.value]
+}
+
+resource "netbox_device_role" "this" {
+  for_each  = local.roles
+  name      = title(each.value)
+  slug      = each.value
+  color_hex = lookup(var.role_colors, each.value, "9e9e9e")
+}
+
+resource "netbox_device_type" "this" {
+  for_each        = local.device_types
+  manufacturer_id = netbox_manufacturer.this[each.value.manufacturer].id
+  model           = each.value.model
+  slug            = lower(replace(each.value.model, "/[^0-9A-Za-z]+/", "-"))
+  part_number     = each.value.model
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+# fabric-netbox — build the NetBox representation of the fabric from scratch:
+# the site, manufacturers/roles/device-types, the chassis devices (+ vme mgmt
+# IPs), VLANs, prefixes, and gateway IPs — all derived from the addressing module
+# and a device inventory. netbox provider (server_url + token) is configured by
+# the stack. Split across site.tf / devices.tf / ipam.tf.
+
+variable "site" {
+  description = "The NetBox site to create."
+  type = object({
+    name        = string
+    slug        = string
+    code        = string # short code for VLAN names, e.g. FSN1 -> FSN1-C1-PUBLIC
+    status      = optional(string, "active")
+    description = optional(string, "")
+  })
+}
+
+variable "site_supernet" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "Site /16 supernet (container prefix)."
+}
+
+variable "mgmt_cidr" {
+  type        = string
+  description = "Management /24 (vme)."
+}
+
+variable "mgmt_prefixlen" {
+  type        = number
+  default     = 24
+  description = "Prefix length for vme management IPs."
+}
+
+variable "clusters" {
+  description = "Per-cluster networks (keyed by cluster ordinal as string)."
+  type = map(object({
+    cluster_supernet = string
+    public_cidr      = string
+    private_cidr     = string
+    public_vlan_id   = number
+    private_vlan_id  = number
+    public_gateway   = string
+    private_gateway  = string
+  }))
+}
+
+variable "devices" {
+  description = <<-EOT
+    The fabric chassis inventory, keyed by device name. Manufacturers, roles and
+    device-types are derived from these. mgmt_ip (the VC vme) is set on the master
+    chassis only (omit on the backup).
+  EOT
+  type = map(object({
+    role         = string # spine | leaf | server
+    manufacturer = string # e.g. "Juniper Networks"
+    model        = string # e.g. "QFX5200-32C-32Q"
+    serial       = optional(string)
+    mgmt_ip      = optional(string) # vme host IP, e.g. 10.40.5.115 (master only)
+  }))
+}
+
+variable "role_colors" {
+  description = "color_hex per device role (NetBox requires one)."
+  type        = map(string)
+  default = {
+    spine  = "2196f3"
+    leaf   = "4caf50"
+    server = "00bcd4"
+  }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+terraform {
+  required_version = "~> 1.11"
+  required_providers {
+    netbox = {
+      source  = "e-breuninger/netbox"
+      version = "~> 4.0"
+    }
+  }
+}